FINITE MATHEMATICS - Number Theory Research Paper

FINITE math - Number Theory - Research Paper ExampleIn the next step we pass on abbreviated numbers to different digits. Our number is 5.3476.Let us examine what is expounding off a ten-fold place. Our number is 5.3476. We use the same concept as above the digits after ten-fold points are called tenths, hundredths, thousandths, and ten-thousandths. at that place are two rules in rounding up of decimal places.Scenario 2 In this scenario we will jibe and then round up to the whole number. Let us think, I am in a supermarket. I want to buy three products and make sure I have enough silver to pay before I go to the cash register. I already know that when I round up decimal number to the whole number, I increase the result if the number after decimal point is 5 or more. I will use this technique.Step 3 I will add numbers of columns from leftover to the right. I already know that 247 is 200 + 40 + 7. So, 135 is coulomb + 30 + 5 and 682 is 600 + 80 + 2. I have to use this concept when I add from left to right.Scenario 3 In this scenario, I am in a flea market. I found something that costs $ 8.60 each. I want to buy 7 of them. I have $ 60 in my packet. My goal is to find chalk up price. I will truncate the decimal to the whole number and negotiate the price with the seller. This is a scenario of shortness after multiplication.Thus, if p is a known pristine number, there is always a new prime number n which is a larger than the known prime number p. Thus for any prime number there is a larger prime number, so there are infinity number of primes.The figure above represents a 12-hour clock. Clockwise movement increases number from 1 to 12. The number 12 can also be expressed as number 0. Using this clock we can do addition, subtraction, multiplication of integers. An integer is a whole number. There is no decimal. An integer can be a positive number or a negative number. Thus, we can use a 12-hour clock for arithmetical calculation with

Film Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

picture Review - Essay Examplehe film highlights the battle of the Alamo and the 189 Texians (American-born Texans) and Tejanos (Mexican-born Texans) who gave their lives so that a nation energy live, central to the film is Sam Houston and his role in the founding of an autarkical Texas.In 1835, the Texans had achieved partial triumph in capturing San Antonio de Bexar from the Mexicans. Federalists, among them Sam Houston, were optimistic that as more Americans settled in Texas, it would survive as an independent republic, but not without a professional army. An illustrious and popular Congressman from Tennessee, Davy Crockett was among those who responded to Sam Houstons flaming call. However, Sam Houston was relieved as commander of the Texas army by the provisional authorities, in opposition to his intention to raise a genuine military force (Bohem).The Alamo which served as a fort on the outskirts of San Antonio de Bexar was a neglected mission. Colonel James Clinton Neill , who was mainly responsible for maintaining the fort, knew, only too well, how vulnerable the Alamo was. Convinced that volunteers alone could not defend San Antonio, Sam Houston wanted the Alamo abandoned and ordered Colonel James Bowie to destroy the fort. Contrary to this plan, the official government sent Lieutenant Colonel William Travis and a number of soldiers as re-enforcement, with little else, to defend San Antonio.Ironically, the Alamo became the last stronghold of the great deal of San Antonio from the advancing Mexican army under the dictator General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. From February to March of 1836, an army of 2,000 men put siege against the mission, killing all defenders, taking no prisoners.The film details the siege and the final irreverence on the mission, showing the humanity, the courage and the heroism of Alamos defenders, led by the Col.William Travis, James Bowie and David Crockett.A calendar month later (April 21, 1836), inflamed by the massacre in the

Contemporary auditing and risk management Essay

Contemporary auditing and risk management - Essay ExampleIn the event that our practical application is not complied with, we ought to cease to act as auditor to your company or to support the company in any revenue or tax matter. We must convey a copy of our resignation to an applicable office of the Revenue Commissioners within 14 days. We ought to report material pertinent offences to the administrator of the company in writing, in a period 6 months. Our costs or fees are calculated on the seat of the period spent on your matters by our staff and partners, and on the levels of expertize and pledge involved and expenses incurred and VAT. We shall not reveal, to possible competitors or third party, confidential information attained in during our professional duty without your permission unless a legal right to disclose. Under the law of our institution, we obliged to avail all documents available for scrutiny in the course of a general practice review. Where the engagement is di smissed the constitutional provisions governing handout or termination of auditors in accordance to the Companies Act, shall apply. When we as auditors cease to continue in office, we have an obligation to notify UK Auditing and Accounting Supervisory Consultant within one month after the date of cessation. in one case this letter has been authorised, it will remain operative, from one audit employment to another, till it is replaced. We shall be thankful if you could authorize in writing your pact to the terms of our engagement letter, by appending your signature and returning copy of this letter, or inform us if they are not in accordance with your comprehension of our terms of appointment. Yours faithfully, _______________________ Loughran and Shrives Chartered Accountants We approve to the terms of this letter. ______________________________________ Signed for and on behalf of Land Securities Group Plc. Ethical Issues for New Clients Leaflet Study backup Ethical Issues for N ew Clients Leaflet Firm Loughran and Shrives Chartered Accountants Client Land Securities Group Plc Ethical auditing is a procedure which examines the internal and external reliability of a companys values base. The key ideas are that it must be value-linked, and that it integrates a stakeholder method. Its purposes are two-fold It is envisioned for transparency and accountability towards stakeholders and it is anticipated for internal regulation, to meet the clean-living objectives of the company. The grandeur of the moral audit is that it empowers the company to evaluate itself through a diversity of lenses it incarcerations the companys ethical profile. Compliance with moral requirements involves independence of a company with ethical standards supporting all stakeholders. Integrity of all the undertakings where confidentiality, transparency, and accountability upheld. objectivity and Professional Competence are added values. Our firm has been tested for the above ethical issue s and proven fit of all. If you consume any additional information now or at any moment in the future, beguile contact Name Address Phone No Internal Control and Risk Management letter The findings of the Cadbury Board provided an outline for corporate control which has become the foundation for the

Is it worth investing in a pension (UK context) Dissertation

Is it worthy investment bills in a support (UK context) - Dissertation Example(Nader, 1991). As such, the overall importance of investing into awards is critical from the point of view of maintaining a certain train of livelihood style. It alike ensures that the individuals have the enough funds apart from the allege related benefits to maintain a very decent life style. (Lluberas, 2007). This is also evident from the fact that the overall pension funding gap is increasing rapidly every form and individuals require up to ?10,000 every year to fill that pension gap and the overall gap will be over ?300 billion per year.1 Trends also suggest that as the population ages, the overall proportion of wad working to support the State Pension will decrease from 3.32 in 2001 to 2.44 in 2060. This autumn in the overall phone number suggests that more and more people will be on the State Pension and as such the overall benefits whitethorn continue to scorn due to the increasing m ash on the government to pay off State Pension to such large number of people every year. (Bonoli & Shinkawa, 2005) It is however, important to note that the different studies have suggested that the pension funds in which individuals invest for their pensions may not be performing well. Though most of the pension funds in UK achieved positive returns in 2010 however, considering the long term nature of such investments, it may be relatively arbitrary to conclude that the pension funds roll in the hay provide sufficient and desired returns to ensure that the investors (individuals) will have sufficient pensions to spicy a comfortable retirement life. (Blake,2000) The choice of this topic has been mostly based on the assumptions that as the number of people grow and rely more on the State Pension, their overall standards of living may decline sharply when they are in the retirement age. Such sharp decline in the standards of living so requires that the people must consider investi ng into the Pensions from the days when they are earning higher amounts every year. (Cohen, 1981). A tardy contribution of the certain sum of money every year can help individuals to become more self sufficient in their retirement age. However, given the fact that the overall performance of the pension funds has not been up to the mark in recent times, a natural question arises as to whether it is intellectual to invest into pension funds? Could they provide the desired returns to the individuals when they are in retirement so that they can live a more comfortable life? Considering the above situation, the logical question also arises as to whether it is good to invest into pension funds? Can pension funds provide the desired level of returns over the period of time to ensure that they meet the objectives of the pension holders? The basic aim of this paper thence is to explore and analyze the question of whether it is good to invest in pensions with special reference to UK market . This research communicate will also attempt to explore the question of whether the tax saving benefits can help the pension industry, are there any factors which provide the incentive to save for the pensions considering the factors such as job mobility, with the stretching of the pension age by the government, what effect this could have on the overall planning for the retirement life of the

5 Marketing Problems We Need To Solve Now Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

5 Marketing Problems We Need To Solve Now - Essay ExampleAll these issues are important in order for market to respond to the demand of this role. Moreover, according to the author of the word, the challenges that marketing currently faces in estimate to the dowryicularised elements/ domains are strong. The specific elements of marketing have been set under evaluation through this authorship using appropriate literature. The issues on which the article focuses have been explained in the literature using different approaches. telephone extension should be made primarily to the criteria on which the sample used in a marketing look into project is chosen. According to Stevens, Wrenn and Loudon (2012) the sample that will be employed in a marketing inquiry plan should not be chosen before identifying the research questions and before setting the research hypothesis. Lamb, fuzz and McDaniel (2008) also agree that the choice of a sample that will be used in a research project nee ds to be made after finishing the marketing plan on which the specific project will be based. Based on the above, the view developed in the article that without a complete marketing plan no action in regard to a specific marketing research project should begin should be considered as fully verified. Marketing simulations, an element of marketing that it is go offvass in the article under evaluation, should be further explored (Sandhusen 2008). The value of marketing simulations can be considered as high. In fact, through the specific technique a marketer has the option to check his idea, as related to a marketing plan (Sandhusen 2008) if the contingent idea is proved as non-feasible or two risky, accordingly no losses would occur, since the whole process has been virtual (Baker 2012). The advantages of simulations in marketing are analyzed in the study of Greg (2013). The specific view of Greg is aligned with that of Lilien, Rangaswamy and De Bruyn (2013) the above researchers highlighted the value of simulations in marketing and explained that without simulations marketers would not be able to check the performance of a marketing plan. Also, such practice has the advantage of non-cost it can be therefore employed even by firms that do not have the resources to respond to their fooling needs in terms of marketing (Lilien, Rangaswamy and De Bruyn 2013). A similar view should be developed in regard to the search engine optimization, as a practice widely used by firms for attracting to a greater extent customers. Search in the Internet is one of the most important parts of marketing research. The challenges related to this part are many (Lieb 2009). The terms used for developing the research need to be carefully chosen, then the material available in the literature should be identified and categorized so that mistakes are avoided in regard to the results of the research (Enge et al. 2012). SEO implies the use of marketing for establishing a strong presence in the virtual securities industry (Terrelonge 2011). However, as also explained in the article under examination the rules and the principles of SEO are, still, not fully clear (Trika 2010). in that location are certain steps for establishing a strong presence in the Internet using SEO (Kennedy and Hauksson 2012) the users of companionable media seems to be unaware of the actual potentials of SEO, a fact that it is also noted in the article of Greg (2013). At the same time, the lack of integration in marketing seems to be one of the most critical problems of the particular sector (Greg 2013). Integration in the above case is a term used for showing that the sectors professionals avoid joining their ideas for developing successful marketing projects (Greg 2013). For Pride and

A REPORT ON RELEVANT ASPECTS OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT ON A PROPOSED Essay

A REPORT ON RELEVANT ASPECTS OF SUPPLY chemical arrange MANAGEMENT ON A PROPOSED RESTAURANT AT NOSTOVIA AIRPORT - Essay Example3). Hence, affix stove caution is the strategic, systemic coordination of the traditional business functions alongside the tactics across these business functions for the purposes of improving the long-term performance of the individual companies as well as the supply chain as a tout ensemble (Hugos 2006, p. 3). Supply chain deals the networks of companies working together and coordinating their actions in order to deliver a crop to a market. It acknowledges and applies traditional logistics and includes activities such as new product development, marketing, finance, and customer service. Supply chain management views the supply chain in an organisation as a single entity, and brings the system approach in managing the diverse activities needed to coordinate the flow of services and products in order to serve the customers (Hugos 2006, p. 4).The prop osed restaurant inescapably to structure a plan. This refers to all the operations needed in planning and organising the operations. Three operations in this category are demand forecasting, product pricing, and inventory management.As the proposed restaurant need planning, it also needs sourcing. Source includes the necessary activities in acquiring the inputs to create products or services. Two operations are abstruse here, particularly (1) procurement and (2) operation, credit, and collection. Procurement is the acquisition of materials and services, while operation, credit, and collection can be literally purview of as the acquisition of cash (Hugos 2006, p. 45). Making as a category includes the operations required in developing and building the products and services provided by a supply chain. Operations in this category involve product design, production management, and facility of management (Hugos 2006, p. 45). On the other hand, Delivering as a supply chain category e ncompasses the activities that include receiving customer orders and delivering products to customers. The operations that constitute the core connections between companies in a supply chain are management, product delivery, and return processing (Hugos 2006, p. 45). The illustration below best describes the coordination among Planning, Sourcing, Making, and Delivering (Hugos 2006, p. 45), which will be applied to the proposed restaurant at the New Nostovia AirportSupplier StrategySupplier strategy is one and only(a) aspect of the establishment of the new restaurant business that needs immediate attention. This involves decisions on how suppliers are selected and how relationships with them are developed (Galloway, et al. 2000, p. 46). It is also concerned with how the operation monitors suppliers performance as well as improvement of these performances. Recommendations in Respect of Perishable Foodstuffs With Short Shelf LifeA guaranteed supply of fresh high fictional character f ood is crucial to maintain a chains reputation in the restaurant business (Galloway, et al. 2000, p. 46). The freshness and fiber of perishable foodstuffs with short shelf life is affected by the manner they were handled during the harvests,

Obama and the Historical Left Wing Attacks on 2nd Amendment Rights Research Paper

Obama and the Historical left pass off Wing Attacks on 2nd Amendment Rights - Research Paper ExampleIn addition, the paper also has flesh out on the role of the Supreme Court and effects of Obama reelection on the status of the wink Amendment1. The individualism of the Second Amendment has what has brought the modern debate on the issue of owning fortification and guns. The State is recognized as supreme and individuals that hold up are there to serve the State. Therefore, these freedoms are granted by the State, which act as a guardian and provider for individuals and groups. The Democratic Party from the Clinton administration up to the current Obamas administration has had several attacks on the second amendment. The Clinton administration officials and Obama Attorney General co signed an amicus succinct in the District of capital of South Carolina v. Heller. The brief signed was in support of DCs ban on all hand guns. In addition, the ban was on any use of firearm for self defense at the homes. In the brief, it was argued that the second amendment was a united right, instead of, an individual right. However, the modern daytime freedom patriots and founders of America sawing machine it differently. The amendment was not put to protect hunters and sportsmen2. The amendment was to protect the individual right of freedom, and further, it was to protect an individual from a dominating State. More guns are needed in the communities since citizens ought to be armed and taught how to use the weapons for the nation to be free. However, the blockage to this objective is the Constitutional right of the Ameri end raft to bear and keep arms. The keeping of the arms can prevent the presidential term from oppressing the citizens. This is because people will have the guns at their disposal any time the government tries to oppress them. The solution to the gun problem lies in the implementation of the constitution. The ownership of the arms is to be limit with legislation. The government is trying to re localize the 20,000 federal, local, and state gun laws. This is done by prohibiting or control conditionling of arms with laws3. The second amendment proponents for gun control are trying to strip the constitutional rights of the Americans to bear and own arms. This is existence done by advocating for piece-by-piece and step-by-step dismantling of the amendment. This call to dismantle the Constitution is to transfer power from the people to the hands of the minority ruling elite. The gun control laws started way back in 1934 when a federal official Gun Control Act was passed. This law restricted the sale of automatic weapons like machine guns to the citizens. In 1938, another act followed that prohibited the people convicted of felony from possessing weapons. In addition, all the dealers and sellers were to be licensed. These laws induced gun control and restricted availability of guns to the people of America. Another act of 1968, on gu n control, regulated the use of merchandise weapons. In addition, those who were mentally stable, minors, those convicted of a felony, and the people who used illegal guns were forbidden from possessing weapons. The Brandy Handgun Violence bar act was put in place in 1994. This act placed a five day waiting period for those who wanted to purchase weapons. There are State laws that have been put in place regarding the second amendment. Most states consider it a crime to leave weapons in a place that can be accessed by

DNA Evidence and Procedures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

desoxyribonucleic acid Evidence and Procedures - Essay ExampleThough deoxyribonucleic acid is used by the personify to create the physical characteristics of hair color, eye color, and height, it can only be used to grab a suspect to a precedent and can not determine their physical characteristics. Advances in desoxyribonucleic acid technology have revolutionized forensic science since its introduction in the mid 1980s. It is used to bring endorse against a suspect as well as exonerate innocent people.As investigators, justice enforcement is slackly concerned with a few key issues with respect to DNA evidence These issue involve maintaining the lawfulness of the evidence and the credibility of its evidentiary value. These areThe criminal offense scene is the first line of defense in maintaining credible DNA evidence. To minimize the possibility of contamination the incidental activity must be bring down at the crime scene. Only critical personnel should have any initial acc ess until entirely samples are collected. According to the Presidents DNA Initiative (2007), It is important for all law enforcement personnel at the crime scene to make a conscious effort to refrain from smoking, eating, drinking, littering or any other actions which could agree the crime scene. In addition, it is suggested that all first responders be trained in DNA assembling and preservation techniques.Investigators must tediously search for small amounts of DNA evidence available at the scene. This may be small blood spatters, hair, skin tissue evidence found under fingernails, and clothing that contains body fluids. Suspects may be swabbed for saliva or DNA may be obtained from an object they have contacted. In the case of rape or sexual assault, the Department of Justice guidelines dictate that, ...evidence that may be inner(a) or on a victims body should only be collected by a doc or sexual assault nurse examiner (Understanding DNA evidence, 2007). Initial contact with an assault victim should stress the importance of not changing clothes or showering before evidence can be collected. Evidence fatalitys to be clearly labeled and identified as to where and when it was collected in a manner that will maintain a proper chain of custody. Samples should be kept dry and need be sealed to prevent contamination and butt ind at room temperature to prevent degradation (Presidents DNA Initiative, 2007). The discipline Institute of Justice mandates that evidence that may contain DNA should not be placed in plastic bags as plastic retains moisture which could damage and degrade the DNA sample (What every law enforcement officer should know about DNA, 1999). Direct sunlight and heat can also damage samples and it is recommended that the sample be transported as quickly as reasonable to an appropriate storage area. It is recommended that long-term storage be maintained only by a qualified facility or laboratory. In the 2003 Summit Report, the field Institut e of Justice warned, If law enforcement officers, medical personnel, and crime lab technicians are not trained to recognize, collect, preserve, transport, and store DNA evidence, thenits use may be compromised or even invalidated. Maintaining the integrity of the DNA evidence is vital if it is to have any value in the courtroom. Contamination is the greatest threat to the usability of DNA evidence. DNA evidence runs the risk of being contaminated when DNA from

Listening guide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Listening guide - Essay ExampleIn other words, Mozart applies instrumental alterations. The second theme is followed by a short cadence, which brings the listener back to the repeat of the entire exposition.At the very beginning, the first theme changes its key the modulation growth into the contrapuntal intervention of the theme by the whole orchestra. In the following phrases, the modulation takes place as well and is come with but the breaking up of the main theme into small portions, or fragmentation. Fragmentation ends up the intonation race performed forte by the full orchestra the retransition leads to the recapitulation.In the recapitulation part, the first theme is performed in G minor piano, as in exposition but with the differences in the orchestration as the party of the bassoon becomes more prominent. The second theme (originally performed in major key) is now played in the tonic key of the piece, which is G minor. It results in the change of the mood of the movemen t. In addition to this, recapitulation is more stable compared to exposition overdue to the fact both themes are played in the minor key as well as the bridge theme.The piece under analysis ends up with a short coda comprised imitative passage performed by the strings, piano and then followed by repeated cadences played forte. Like in all the split of the movement, cadence theme is followed by an abrupt stop. This time, however, the stop is followed by three chords which end the

THE DEATH OF CHRIST Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

THE DEATH OF CHRIST - Essay ExampleIt begun after the Last Supper with his twelve disciples, when the apostle Judas Escariot betrayed him, the Jews accusing him of blasphemy. It was his pay off sight who brought him to Pontius Pilate, a Roman leader to be punished and crucified in Nazareth between two convicted thieves. christ stopping point is very important especially to the Christians, as it depicts how their Messiah have come to the world to save up men of all the evil of sins through his sinless blood and sacrifice. We are all born of captain sin, since the fall of Adam and Eve. Through Christs death, we are saved of much(prenominal) original sin. He is the lamb of God that takes away the sins of the world (John 136). He had to suffer a chafeful death in order that men would appreciate the salvation and the love of God for us, that he was willing to give up His only son in order to save us. He was scorned, beaten, spitted on by the people of Nazareth and the Romans, in so that in every violent act of man on the innocent Christ, such sin was forgiven upon his death. We see in this the violence of our own sins upon the life of one who was innocent. Taking every pain and insult humbly, as he accepts the sin of men in order to save them, who did not view in Him.

Stanley Milgram Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stanley Milgram - hear ExampleMilgrams look into of obedience has been ethically analyzed and there is a debate on the pros and cons of the ethics of the experiment. Some psychologists see that it was not right to deceive the actors who took part in the experiment. Some in like manner believed that the thought of causing turn over pain to the learner could leave an indelible scar on the participants mind which the Stanford Prison Experiment is well kn hold for, however, follow-on research showed that the participants in the Milgram experiment did not grow from all long-term emotional problem.If I was on the review circuit card which decided to supply or disallow Milgrams experiment I would certainly allow it. My effect is not concerned with the ethical heads and I see no harm in Milgrams experimental set-up. This experiment proved to be a very useful one in the field of psychology and when it comes to the question of deception, I rally that psychological experiments can not be conducted if one is not deceived. If Milgram had revealed his true experiment to the subjects the results would be lots different and would be incorrect. In order to study the military man mind correctly, it is necessary to hide expand else the human mind would not respond normally. Secondly, I also object that the experiment would emotionally stop the psyche for long since especially for people who administered 450 volts. This is because the experimenter had already made it clear that the shocks would not cause any damage.... However instances like the Abu Ghraib prison house also reveals that certain percentage will obey commands of authorities defying their own morality (Bartone, pp 1) . Milgrams experiment of obedience has been ethically analyzed and there is a debate on the pros and cons of the ethics of the experiment. Though the experiment was a very important one for the field of psychology, some psychologists believe that it was not right to deceive the participa nts who took part in the experiment. Some also believed that the thought of causing deliberate pain to the learner could leave an indelible scar on the participants mind which the Stanford prison Experiment is well known for however, follow-on research showed that the participants in the Milgram experiment did not suffer from any long term emotional problem. If I was on the review board which decided to allow or disallow Milgrams experiment I would certainly allow it. My opinion is not concerned with the ethical questions and I see no harm in Milgrams experimental set-up. This experiment proved to be a very useful one in the field of psychology and when it comes to the question of deception, I think that psychological experiments cannot be conducted if one is not deceived. If Milgram had revealed his true experiment to the subjects the results would be much different and would be incorrect. In order to study the human mind correctly it is necessary to hide details else the human min d would not respond normally. Secondly, I also object that the experiment would emotionally hamper the person for long since especially for people who administered 450 volts. This is because the experimenter had already made it clear that the shocks

Feedback after reading loss of the creature written by Walker Percy Essay

Feedback by and by reading loss of the creature written by Walker Percy - Essay ExampleIn the grooming sector, the teachers created the intentions they intend on the students based on the kind of impression they create during the classroom learning. In essence, the hold dear of any object is lost due to the subjectivity that people imparts on the creature.To start with, Percy (1) discusses the image of the fearful canon and the way people under divers(prenominal) circumstances see it. He considers two different people and the way they perceive the Grand Canyon under the circumstances they see it while the spotter puts a lot of value on the feature, a sightseer today will have actually little value for this Canyon. For the discoverer, the Canyon is a new image and a new encounter and this is the reasonableness in which he makes judgment of the object. He has the privilege to make personal judgment on the Canyon and deduce the value of the object at that moment. However, the si ghtseer is a person who knows about the object and both(prenominal)what preformed expectations of the object. Likely, people who paid the feature a visit influence the sightseer and hence they create some predefined expectations of the image. T presentfore, they will go with this image and will expect the image to conform to this image. When a sightseer goes with real high expectations, they may judge the feature harshly and find it rather below their expectation. The point that passes here is that the image created by people about something influence the way people see that thing.Percy idea on the beauty of a creature is comparable to the day-to-day experiences, and the definition of beauty in the society. Beauty is inherent and the way people will describe a person will influence how others see that person. For instance, if forrader the encounter of someone has the image that that person is ugly, they will have such an attitude and it is this image that they will use to judge the person during their initial encounter. Likely, the person

The death penalty Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The shoemakers last penalisation - Research Paper ExampleRetribution and disincentive are often cited as the major objectives aiming to achieve by giving death penalty in America however, these objectives are difficult to achieve under present circumstances. America is often accused for showing double standards while deciding capital punishments for the Whites and Blacks. It is a fact that some unwaveringly core criminals whitethorn repeat the crimes if they released from the prison. Some throng argue that capital punishment will force people to conceptualize in terms of the shelter associated with human life. However, capital punishment will eliminate the differences between a civilized and uncivilized society. The secrets behind life and death are unknown to science and technology yet. In short, death penalty is a complex topic and is difficult to either support or ping it. The Death Penalty The death penalty is the ultimate, irreversible denial of human rights (Death Pen alty). Death penalty is matchless of the highly controversial subjects in the world because of the serious ethical issues involved in it. Critiques of death penalty argue that humans dont have the moral or legal right to exit the life of another person even if he has committed serious crimes. On the other hand, supporters of death penalty argue that in order to save the lives of innocent people or to save the people from threats, death penalty is unavoidable at certain circumstances. Around 137 countries have abolished the death penalty in law or practice. However, despite international human rights standards, some nations still execute people (Death Penalty). In 2004 four (China, Iran, Vietnam and the US) accounted for 97 percent of all global executions. On average, every 9-10 days a governance in the United States executes a prisoner (Pros and Cons of the Death Penalty (CapitalPunishment)). Surprisingly, United Sates, one of the prominent countries which value and argue for hu man right protection, has no hesitation in giving death penalties to serious criminals. In US, as of April 1, 2008, the Death Penalty was authorized by 37 states, the Federal Government, and the U.S. Military (The death penalty in the US) (See appendix for more details). This paper analyses the pros and cons of death penalty by taking United States as the example. Capital punishment is an expensive way of punishment compared to other punishments because of the heavy expenses needed for it. It is around 70% more expensive when compared to other punishment methods. The trial of a criminal which leads towards a capital punishment is expensive because of the heavy fees needed to be given to the advocates, expert witnesses, forensic testing etc. In the United States, death penalty is said to serve two principal social purposes retribution and intimidation of capital crimes by prospective offenders (Delfino & Day, p.1). America is a Christian country which adheres to the teachings of Jes us Christ. But, Jesus asked his disciples to be intimate the enemies rather than punishing them. Retribution through capital punishment cannot be justified under some(prenominal) circumstances if we analyze it though the lenses of Christian doctrines. Deterrence is the second objective of giving capital punishments to criminals. However, hard core criminal activities are growing across the world and united Sates is also not an exception.

The Character of Arnold Friend Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The point of reference of Arnold Friend - Essay ExampleFor this purpose, a mention would be made of both direct quotations from the account and also views of a renowned scholar and which add strength to the argument presented by this essay. Here, it needs to be specified that the scope of this essay is confined to solely understanding the character of Arnold Friend, and not to give a detailed summary of the story. Background It was some(a)time in the second half of 1960s that the author happened to sound out about Charles Schmid, a serial killer of Arizona who murdered several girls. All these girls were in their teens. In fact, the killer was named as The Pied Piper of Tucson, and Joyce did not take too much of time in deciding to write a story based on the serial killings, and the title of this story is Where atomic number 18 you going, Where have you been?As a matter of fact, the character of Arnold Friend in this story clearly resembles Schmid. retributory like the latter, e ven Arnold Friend is short and attempts to look taller by stuffing some things in his shoes. well-nigh importantly, in the story, even Arnold goes on to intimidate a teenage girl who was trying to keep him at bay. But here, the author brought an entirely new dimension by adding an element of supernatural phenomenon to the story, and this is what is going to in an elaborate way analyzed in the subsequent section. (1) Analysis The aforementioned supernatural phenomenon is obvious from the narrative of story potently suggesting that Arnold Friend is Satan himself, in disguise. There are several quotations from the story, which add weight to this argument, and it would be actually much apt in having a look at some of those. When Arnold sees Connie for the first time he remarks Gonna shake up you, baby. That is definitely not a respectable way of addressing ladies, and in fact, this also subtly hints that there is an element of flagitious in Arnold. (2) When Connie gets worried tha t her family members would return home, the following is the exact situation. Arnold says Aunt Tillies. right wing now theyre uhtheyre drinking. Sitting around, he said vaguely, squinting as if he were stare all the way to town and over to Aunt Tillies back yard. Then the vision seemed to get clear and he nodded energetically. Yeah. Sitting around. Theres your sister in a blue dress, huh? And luxuriously heels, the poor sad bitchnothing like you, sweetheart And your mothers helping some fat woman with the corn, theyre cleaning the cornhusking the corn. (2) From the contents stated in the precede paragraph, it is evident that Arnold Friend possesses paranormal powers. He was vividly able to see the things taking place at a distant location. In popular literature, Satan is described as a combination of these powers and sin intentions, not to mention the ability to effectively assume any form. When Connie was worriedly resisting the advances of Arnold and was trying to make accred ited that the access gets locked, he remarks But why lock it? Its just a screen door? Its just nothing. These words subtly focus on another power of Satan where, locked doors and windows cannot veto him from gaining entry into a place. Although he explains by stating that breaking a screen door is not an dilute for anyone, yet, in light of the contents discussed up to that point in the story, it is but obvious that the power of the evil entity is being referred to. (2) When Connie was still adamant in not yielding to Arnolds charm, he starts threatening her by saying You dont want your people in any trouble, do you? That again is a clear reflection of his grossly evil nature- a nature which is characteristic of Satan The manner in which the story reaches its end subtly points out that he kills

Optimal Experiences, Temporality and Participation Assignment

Optimal Experiences, Temporality and exponentiation - Assignment ExampleFrom this paper it is clear that according to definition of the concept, it actually may be regarded as the most rewarding of all values, and thus the most important one. In my opinion, this is an ideal representation of feed in that is hard to be reached on practice due to different limitation and obstacles like failure to visit what the client wants, clarity of final goal, main value prioritized by the clients in favor of other, extrinsic features, and so on Also, I would like to know what others think about relevance of helping the latter category of clients determination the occupations they enjoy more than others instead of seeking for jobs with high level of compensation and other material benefits. It is in all probability often not worthy of efforts since the person, even seeking more enjoyable occupation, would fail in gain the flow due to the more complicated nature of enjoyment that is of combin ed nature.This essay discusses thatwhile there are people who know exactly what they are looking for and what activity brings them joy, there are in addition people who are not sure. This may be due to them still searching for their area of interest, as well as the possibility that some people like changing occupations, and this is their flow of some kind. plot of land such clients do not fit in the elaborated scheme, yet helping them is as required as helping others, this question necessitates further research and discussion.

Foreign Capital Essay Example for Free

foreign Capital Essay outside(prenominal) capitalThe capital available to any country other than the domestic capital in order to finance any domestic purpose is called foreign capital. Need for Foreign Capital1.Capital investment requirements Since down the stairsdeveloped countries want to industrialize themselves within a short period of time, it becomes infallible to increase capital investment substantially. This requires a high level of savings. However, because of general poverty, the savings are really low. This creates a resource gap between investment needs and savings. This gap has to be filled through with(predicate) foreign capital. 2. Technology transfers The under developed countries devour lower technological capacity as compared to mature countries. The desire for industrialization creates the need for importing technology from advanced countries. Such technology transfer unremarkably comes with foreign capital in the form of private foreign investmen t or foreign collaboration. The technological gap is reduced by training domestic personnel and through establishment of educational, research or training institutes.3. Exploitation of natural resources A number of underdeveloped countries possess huge mineral resources, which roll in the hay be exploited for stinting development. These countries do not possess the required technical skill and expertness to accomplish this task. As a consequence, they have to depend upon foreign capital to undertake the exploitation of their mineral wealth.4. Development of entrepreneurship Many under developed countries suffer from shortage of private entrepreneurs. This creates a limitation in the fulfill of industrialization. Foreign capital undertakes the risk of investment in host countries and thus provides the much-needed impetus to the process of industrialization. Once the process of industrialization gets started with foreign capital, domestic industrial activity also increases through greater local participation. This automatically develops local entrepreneurship.5. Development of economic infrastructure The domestic capital in under developed countries is inadequate to manakin the required level of economicinfra structure. Thus these countries require the supporter of foreign capital to undertake this task. Over the last 50 years, international financial institutions and governments of advanced countries have made substantial capital available to the under developed countries to develop their economic infrastructure in the form of transport and communications systems, generation and distribution of electricity, development of irrigation facilities, etc. The basic intention is to build an economic model for achieving sustainable development.6. Financing balance of payments deficit In the initial phase of economic development, under developed countries face larger imports (in the form of machinery, capital goods, industrial raw materials, spares and component s), than exports. The deficit in the balance of trade is financed by inflow of foreign capital. The economic development of an underdeveloped country whence needs foreign capital to initiate its economic development process and sustain it till desired level of stability is reached

The Art of Neosoul Essay Example for Free

The Art of Neosoul EssayNeo sense is a genre of music that arose in the nineties from the experience of RB/ person music and is characterized as bringing freshness to a genre long pronounced dead (Phillip Cunningham/Bowling Green dry land University). As defined by the Stanford Dictionary of Philosophy, art is modern works that appear to break radically with all traditional art and this music genre is by definition new and radically several(predicate). Considering neo soul in terms of art, I believe that this music is an expressageion of modern mainstream African American culture, experience, belief, and surely, the root of this ethnicity. Different and more artistically expressed than soul music it brings great aesthetic hold dear to the music scene. Not just music, but a powerful expression of deep rooted feelings by attention-grabbing and talented artist of our day. Neo-Soul is new and innovative in expressing the common culture of African American animateness and in i ts refusal to walk the conventional line. In what the Music Said an essay by Mark Anthony Neal, this leap of music is post-soul and is a combination of rhythm and blues, funk, rap and hip-hop and arose out of resistance to, and often times in opposition to, middle class sensibilities of respectability and norms.In Soul, the expression seems disdain and rebellion for the conventionality societal norms, that have been put in place by the government influences such as Marvin Gayes Whats Going On and Lets Get it On? two of his most general pieces where he is in defiance of the current political agenda and abstinence. Neo, meaning new, or Nu brought a different vehicle of expression the experiences of the time. Though there is much debate regarding the terms Neo-soul or Neo-classical-soul has become, in the 1990s and 2000s, more popular. Neo Soul is an extension of a culture that has a voice.The African American company in the 1990s as church and faith become more important to young superior Christian, Neo soul also creeps into the Gospel music with artist such as Lisa McClendon and Leon Timbo. These individuals express a real time acceptance and reliance on their God and expression of their faith in contemporary terms. Neo-soul music is one such singularity, which has reframed the subjectivities of black people and suggested identities embodied and disembodied, human and post-human. (Weheliye 30) Simply put, it is a genre of music that refocuses the African American art of music.More aesthetically pleasing I think. The bang of neo Soul has I believe redefined African American Music as an art compliance rather than beat for bump and grind, distrust and defiance. Such artist as Lauryn Hil, India Aria, and Jill Scott, women who have redefined lyric with absolute and encouraging expression and melody that beats to the heart of the listener. In Arias Strength, Courage, and Wisdom, she speaks of positive thoughts to elevate and that these elements are interna l, pointing the listener to uplift rather than what can be done in secret.As rise as the song I Am Not My Hair, which counteracts bigotry and sterotypes with positive phrases and rhyme. Similarly Jill Scott, with a more rhythmic driving beat in My Petition, Scott speaks out against the American government without the villainy that you would usually see in this type of song, through straight, it is not militant just truthful. Neo Soul music is an adaptation of Soul music as an art form and moves it to a higher layer of listening pleasure. Not timid but definitely bold, but respectful of both the artist and the listener. counterbalance the presentation of the artist in this genre is an artistic expression of the African American culture. One of India Arias latest releases, Testimony intensity 2, Love Politics says explains this artistic form of getting her point crossways about poverty and society outlook on those that live in poverty in Ghetto straightaway the dictionary says / That the ghetto is a place / of minority, and poverty, and over population.We list on this earth together, / aint no separation. / when youre looking down, / from outer space. / were just a human race and the world is a / ghetto-o-o-o. A clear point, but not so hard on the heart.Work CiteAfrofuturism and post-soul mishap in black popular music. Aria, India. Strength and Wisdom. http//www. azlyrics. com/lyrics/strengthandwisdom. html Art and Popular Culture online. http//www. artandpopularculture. com/African_American_music Cunningham, Phillip. Theres Nothing Really New Under the Sun The Fallacy of the Neo-Soul Genre. Journal of Popular Music Studies, Volume 22, Issue 3, Pageshttps//www.thefreelibrary.com/

Changes in the Marketing Environment Essay Example for Free

Changes in the Marketing Environment essayIn recent times, from an economic environment perspective, people are getting more(prenominal) affluent, even in third world countries like Vietnam, the younger generation are more interested in forbiddengo on the latest fashion and gadgets, like iPods. Phone foodstuffers index want to include phone designs which go out for self-expression, hence catering to the younger people seeking to carve out their own identity. For example, young girls in Japan like to stick many shiny crystals on their phones as they see it as a form of beautiful art. Phone marketers can cash in on this growing trend by offering phones which meet suitable surfaces for crystal gluing, and they might want to also consider having a railroad tie with a suitable bead company in order to have a package exchange the crystals together with the phones. An important marketing schema in catering to the changing political environment would be cause-marketing. It i s by cause-marketing that phone marketers can reassure the universe that they are socially responsible, even in the center of increasing unethical behaviour existing in society. Cause marketing might be the ascertain factor which might set a phone or a brand of phones apart, especially if customers have the same perception of 2 brands of phones and are undecided which to choose.Phone marketers can follow Motorolas champion whereby they produced a red razr phone to promote mindfulness of aids, which was highly successful. Another important marketing strategy is for the marketer to observe the changing demographic forces and decide which target group they can focus on in order to make the most profits. Quite a few countries in the world are facing an aging population, like Japan, China and Singapore. This might be a good target market to go into, by manufacturing phones which are suited for older people like by having larger screens and more user-friendly buttons. Technological f orces are constantly changing, and a good marketer would be able to forebode what kinds of functions people might want in their phones. Marketers might want to research about what form of recreation is capturing people and cater to these needs.Sony Ericsson realised that music was easily becoming an integral part of peoples lives, no matter what age and produced the walkman phone series which was highly popular. The path to success and its maintenance depends genuinely much on a phone marketers resellers and suppliers, hence phone marketers should engage in tie-ups with them both. A phone marketers resellers normally consist of telecommunications companies.Marketers can offer to sell their phones at a lower price to these companies, and in exchange, persuade them to offer more attractive or cheaper draw in subscription packages when customers purchase the phones of the marketers. Marketers should constantly source for more efficient and cheaper suppliers and sign a long-term co ntract with them. Marketers might also want to consider suppliers based in China or India, as labour in such countries is known to be one of the cheapest, yet efficient, in the world.Lastly, marketers should always keep an eye out for competition and continually check on other phone marketers strategies and phone pricing. Marketers should also be aware that competition not only lies with other phone marketers, but in any company that has to do with providing entertainment or convenience to people. For example, orchard apple tree is not a phone manufacturer, but it is beginning to slowly capture the phone market due to its iPhone. Phone marketers might want to produce phones which have the potential to rival such phones, or if they are unable to do so run a major(ip)(ip) advertisement campaign to promote their phones against other rival phones, so as to hopefully mould the publics thinking into their liking. Alternatively, phone marketers can also liaise with major entertainment com panies like Apple or Creative to work together to produce quality phones or gadgets to capture a major share of the phone market.

Designing a Safer Passenger Aircraft Essay Example for Free

Designing a Safer Passenger Aircraft seeAircrafts have become more advanced and fast, but they are drastically affected by ignorance and founding incap talent. However these structures pot fly with more than 200 passengers and heavy cargo, but when they crash, they take away with them many a nonher(prenominal) lives and damage valuable property. To prevent such loses several aviation safety agencies like EASA(European Aviation prophylactic Agency) and FAA(Federal Aviation Administration) have been functioning. These agencies implement and monitor safety rules for halocrafts. They as well certify and approve organizations involved in the design, manufacture and maintenance of aeronautical products. Safety of an aircraft depends on every smallest possible detail of it. For design a safer passenger aircraft a lot of investigation has to be done on flight failures, to prevent such failures. There are four main aspects considered while designing an aircraft Aerodynamics, Propu lsion, Structures and materials, Stability and control. An overview on the design of a fixed wing aircraft The structure of an aircraft is configured as follows A fuselage is a long cylindrical dust with tapered ends to make its shape aerodynamically smooth. Fuselage carries flight crew, passengers, payload, give not rubbish and engine.Fuselage also holds a large wing which provides comfortable lifting force to the aircraft due to the shape of its cross section (aerofoil). This large wing has ailerons to control rolling motion. The erect stabilizers present at the rear end of the aircraft, stabilizes the yaw motion and swimming stabilizers stabilizes the pitch. Elevators are mounted to the horizontal stabilizers and it controls the pitch of the aircraft. Engines provide the trust required for the aircraft. The landing gear is a set of wheels that supports the plane on ground. Control carcass of an aircraft Yoke controls the pitch and roll motion of an aircraft.Rudder pedals co ntrol the rudder and thus it controls the motion most the yaw axis. Throttle lever controls the thrust produces by each engine and brakes slow or stop the airplane on ground. There are controls for flaps and spoilers. A tiller is use to wind the plane on ground. An automatic flight management system helps pilot in maintaining altitude or mode of flight. Analysis of investigation reports of some airplane crashes and hindrance measures in design A Pilatus aircraft crashed full Bert Mooney airport in July, 2011 due to loss of control.Investigation reports showed that there was icing within the fire system causing low fuel pressure state as fuel system icing inhibitor was not added to the fuel before flight. All jet fuels contain trace amounts of water that form crystals and block the fuel system. Icing inhibitors decrease the freezing point to about -40? C preventing water from freezing. Some chemical sensor advise be introduced that could witness the concentration of icing inhi bitors present in the fuel.An alarm can also be added to the electronic system of the aircraft which will remind the pilot of adding icing inhibitors while refueling. Aircrafts flying in cold weather develop icing on wings which greatly impair wings ability to generate sufficient lift. Air Florida flight crashed on take-off in January, 1982 as a result of ice on its wings. Modern airliners are designed to prevent accumulation of ice on wings, engines or pursue either by routing heated area towards icing or by using inflatable safety device tubes that expand and break off any accumulated ice.Similar method can be used in the design or the accumulated ice can also be removed by sending small amplitude vibrations to the accumulated area. A Boeing cargo airplane experienced ground firing before engine start-up at San Francisco International airport. Investigation blames the design of the supplemental oxygen system hoses and the overleap of electropositive insularism between electr ical wiring and electrically conductive oxygen system components. The miss of positive separation allowed a short circuit to breach a combustible oxygen hose, discharge oxygen, and initiate a fire.This can be taken care of in the design and either separation between the oxygen hoses and wiring can be increased or insulation of wiring can be made more strong. Composite materials used in structure of an aircraft consist of layers of fibers embedded in a resin matrix. These layers separate from each other when subjected to cyclic stress and they lose strength. This failure is not shown on the surface. An amphibian plane suffered a structural failure in Florida. The right wing of the aircraft separate during normal flight due to lack of maintenance.Ultrasound based instrument method is used to detect such failures in designing a safer aircraft. As in Air France Concorde crash case, pilot detect fire very late. Installation of video cameras at critical places can be a preventive measu re as pilot will be able to keep a watch on plane if there is no other failure detecting mechanism. During high speed landing or take-off extreme pressure and heat build-up in tyres and in such conditions tyres burst. This is equivalent to explosion of 4-5 dynamites. This could damage the fuel tank or engines and even initiate a fire.Some cooling mechanism within tyres can be used to prevent such conditions of high temperature and pressure. Above safety concerns and all other establishment factors can be considered to design a safer passenger aircraft. Apart form these problems foreign object debris, positive lightning, bird strike, volcanic ash can also be taken care of while designing an aircraft. Ground based navigation aids can also be improved by up(p) GPS systems and some backup modes of communication may help in significant reduction in air crashes due to lack of information and misleading.

Explain the Concept of Ideals in Plato’s Writings Essay Example for Free

explain the Concept of Ideals in Platos Writings EssayThe unexamined life is not worth living jibe to Plato. He argued that we should always pursue knowledge and ask questions to do this. A key discover of Platos philosophy is epistemology his theory of how we know things. His concept of Ideals, also known as exercises, is Platos explanation of how rightful(a) knowledge fuck be sought.Plato understood that thither ar concepts that we can all recognise in various things, for example the concept of beauty. We all recognise beauty in art, nature, people, or music, and we all register the idea when we hear the word used. Although we can all recognise beauty, our stamps of what classes as beautiful are widely varied and subjective. The conclusions Plato drew from this is that beauty must exist, otherwise we would not know it at all. This is the Perfect Form of Beauty. However, we must have only partial knowledge of it or we would not have subjective opinions.Forms are abso lute versions of concepts and ideas. They are perfect ideas of everything and therefore they do not change perfect things cannot change for the make better and would not change for the worse. They are also eternal as to begin or to stop real is a change. They cannot live in this world as it is constantly changing and forms are unchangeable, so they can only exist in the Realm of the Forms. The form of Beauty is absolute and true it is not an opinion but an idea or concept, therefore no-one can know the real meaning of Beauty as it cannot exist in this world and it is eternal. We will never know forms fully as we are imperfect.Forms take back us knowledge and allow us to have some understanding of the truth. Although, we know that we do not know them fully as we can form our own opinions on things, e.g. what is beautiful and what is not. Forms are in the Realm of the Forms, we can recognise them as this is where our soul originates from, however because they come from there and n ot from where we are, we do not know them fully. Also as they are perfect we cannot understand them fully. In the Realm of the Forms there are Ideals of everything we have a concept of such as Beauty, Justice, Truth, and the Form of the Good.The Form of the Good is the highest of the forms and is the derriere and essence of everything. The Form of The Good represents Platos idea of greatness and is what you should most want. For Plato this was eudaimonia, living a good and fulfilled life. All other forms such as beauty, justice or truth are part of eudaimonia and so part of Good. The Form of the Good is therefore the most important Form as it gives us full and true knowledge of what we should pursue. It is our ultimate goal and the source of all truth and goodness. In this way, it has influenced the development of the Christian idea of God.Plato uses the Cave Allegory to present his ideas about Forms. He does this by exploitation symbolism, by representing the Forms as objects ou tside of the cave. He then represents the Form of the Good as the cheerfulness the sun shines light onto the objects outside, allowing us to see them. The light represents knowledge and the objects represent Forms the Sun shows us the Forms and gives us knowledge. The prisoners journey illustrates Platos concept of Ideals or Forms they provide truth but must be pursued individually and by looking away from things that keep us ignorant.

Health Improvement Essay Example for Free

Health goment EssayTo address this challenge, the worlds governments committed themselves at the United Nations millennium tip to the Millennium Development Goals, including the overarching tendency of halving extreme penury by the year 2015. Yet, our planets capacity to deem us is eroding. The problems argon well(p)-known degrading agricultural lands, shrinking forests, diminishing supplies of clean water, dwindling fisheries, and the scourge of growing social and ecological vulnerability from climate compound and loss of biological diversity.While these threats ar global, their impacts atomic number 18 most severe in the maturation world especially among flock living in pauperism who have the least(prenominal) means to cope. Is this environmental dec decipher inevitable in order for distress to be inhibitd? We argue not. Indeed, quite the opposite is true. If we do not successfully arrest and regression these problems, the world will not be able to mee t the Millennium Development Goals, ill-temperedly the goal of halving extreme distress. As this paper demonstrates, tackling environmental abjection is an integral part of effective and lasting s raisetness reduction.The 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) provides the world-wide community with a pivotal fortune to redirect the global debate, and to forge a more integrated and effective global response to poverty and environmental decline. To succeed, we need to focus on the most important links between poverty, the environment and sustainable nurture. For many, ensuring get going environmental charge means curtailment of stinting opportunities and exploitation, rather than their expansion too a good deal it is viewed as a cost rather than an investment.Prepared as a contribution to the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development focuses on slipway to reduce poverty and sustain growth by improving solicitude of the environment, unspecificly defined. I t seeks to draw out the links between poverty and the environment, and to demonstrate that sound and fair environmental management is integral to achieving the Millennium Development Goals, in particular eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, reducing child mortality, combating major diseases, and ensuring environmental sustainability.Four priority areas for sustained polity and institutional change are highlighted ?Improving governance for pro-poor and pro-environment policies, institutions and run, with particular attention to the needs of women and children ?Enhancing the assets of the poor and reducing their vulnerability to environment-related shocks and strife ?Improving the pure tone of growth to protect the asset base of the poor and expand opportunities for sustainable livelihoods ?Reforming inter guinea pig and industrialized country policies related to art, foreign direct investment, aid and debt.Policy opportunities exist to reduce poverty and improve the environme nt The environment matters greatly to people living in poverty. The poor often wager directly on inborn visions and ecological services for their livelihoods they are often the most affected by unclean water, indoor air pollution and exposure to toxic chemicals and they are curiously vulnerable to environmental hazards such as floods and prolonged drought, and to environment-related engagement. Addressing these poverty-environment linkages must be at the core of national efforts to eradicate poverty. many an anformer(a)(prenominal)(prenominal) policy opportunities exist to reduce poverty by improving the environment but there are signifi posteriort and often deeply entrenched policy and institutional barriers to their widespread adoption. The past decade of acquire since the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio reveals some important lessons that help point the way forward. Three broad lessons are highlighted here ?First and foremost, poor people must be seen as part of the ancestor ra ther than part of the problem.Efforts to improve environmental management in ways that contribute to sustainable growth and poverty reduction must begin with the poor themselves. Given the right incentives and support including access to training and participation in decision-making the poor will invest in environmental improvements to enhance their livelihoods and well- being. At the like time, however, it is essential to address the activities of the non-poor since they are the source of most environmental damage. The environmental spirit of growth matters to the poor. environmental improvement is not a luxury preoccupation that can wait until growth has alleviated income poverty, nor can it be assumed that growth itself will take care of environmental problems over the longer-term as a natural by-product of increasing affluence. First, this ignores the fundamental importance of environmental goods and services to the livelihoods and well-being of the rural and urban poor.Sec ond, there are many examples of how bad environmental management is bad for growth, and of how the poor bear a disproportionate share of the costs of environmental degradation. Ignoring the environmental soundness of growth even if this leads to short-run economic gains can undermine long-run growth and its effectiveness in reducing poverty. ?Environmental management cannot be treated separately from other victimization concerns, but requires integration into poverty reduction and sustainable development efforts in order to get through significant and lasting results.Improving environmental management in ways that benefit the poor requires policy and institutional changes that cut across sectors and lie mostly outside the defy of environmental institutions changes in governance, domestic economic policy, and in international policies. Improving governance ?Integrate poverty-environment issues into nationally-owned poverty reduction strategies, including macroeconomic and sect oral policy reforms and action programmes, so that they can go away national sustainable development strategies. Engage poor and marginalized groups in policy and planning processes to ensure that the rudimentary environmental issues that affect them are adequately addressed, to build ownership, and to enhance the prospects for achieving lasting results.Address the poverty-environment concerns of poor women and children and ensure that they are given higher priority and fully integrated into poverty reduction strategies and policy reforms for example, the growing pack of collecting scarce water and fuelwood supplies, and the effects of long-term exposure to polluted indoor air. Implement anti-corruption measures to forbid the role of corruption in the misuse of natural resources and weak enforcement of environmental regulations for example, the destructive impacts of il level-headed enter and unregulated mining, or the preference for construction of new power and water invest ments over increasing the cleverness of existing investments. ?Improve poverty-environment indicators to document environmental change and how it affects poor people, and integrate into national poverty monitor systems.This should be complemented by measures to improve citizens access to environmental information. Enhancing the assets of the poor ?Strengthen resource rights of the poor by reforming the wider range of policies and institutions that influence resource access, control and benefit-sharing, with particular attention to resource rights for women. This includes central and sub-national government, traditional authorities, the legal system, and local land boards, commissions and tribunals. Support decentralization and local environmental management land, water and forest resource management, and provision of water render and sanitation services by strengthening local management capacity and supporting womens key roles in managing natural resources. ?Expand access to env ironmentally-sound and pro-poor technology, such as harvest-home production technologies that conserve soil and water and minimize the use of pesticides, or permit renewable zippo and energy efficient technologies that also minimize air pollution.This includes support for indigenous technologies, and the need to address the social, cultural, financial and marketing aspects of technical change. ?Promote measures that reduce the environmental vulnerability of the poor by strengthening participatory disaster preparedness and prevention capacity, supporting the formal and informal act strategies of vulnerable groups, and expanding access to amends and other risk management mechanisms. Reduce the vulnerability of the poor to environment-related conflict by improving conflict resolution mechanisms in the management of natural resources and addressing the underlying policy-making issues that affect resource access. Improving the quality of growth ?Integrate poverty-environment issue s in economic policy and decision-making by strengthening the use of environmental mind and poverty social impact analysis. Improve environmental valuation at twain the macro and little level, in order to highlight the full cost of environmental degradation for the poor in particular and the economy in general, and to improve economic decision-making. ?Expand private sector involvement in pro-poor environmental management to maximize the efficiency gains from private sector participation, while safeguarding the interests of the poor.This requires capacity within government to hash out with the private sector for example, to ensure that utility privatization benefits the poor and to forge effective public-private partnerships that enhance the poors access to environmental services. ?Implement pro-poor environmental fiscal reform including reform of environmentally-damaging subsidies, improved use of snag taxes to give way capture and more effectively allocate resource revenue s, and improved use of pollution charges to better reflect environmental costs in market prices.Reforming international and industrialized country policies ?Reform trade and industrialized country subsidy policies to open up markets to create country imports while avoiding environmental protectionism, and to reduce subsidies that lead to unsustainable exploitation such as subsidies for large-scale commercial fishing fleets that encourage over-harvesting in developing country fisheries. . Make foreign direct investment more pro-poor and pro-environment by encouraging multinational corporations to observe with the revised OECD Code of Conduct for Multinational Enterprises, and to report on the environmental impact of their activities in line with the UN Environment Programmes Global Reporting Initiative. ?Increase funding for the Global Environment facility as the major source of funding for global public goods in the environment, such as a stable climate, maintenance of biodivers ity, clean international waters and the protective ozone layer.These benefit the whole world as well as the poor themselves so the rich world must pay a pleasure ground share for their maintenance. ?Enhance the contribution of multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) to national development objectives by strengthening developing country capacity to participate in the negotiation and implementation of MEAs (for example, to ensure that the Clean Development tool promotes investments that benefit the poor).Also, improved coordination is needed between MEAs so that scarce developing country capacity is utilise most effectively. ?Encourage sustainable consumption and production industrialized country consumers and releasers through their trade, investment, pollution emissions and other activities affect the environmental conditions of developing countries. Making rich country consumption and production more sustainable will require a complex mix of institutional changes addres sing market and government failures as well as broad public attitudes. Enhance the effectiveness of development cooperation and debt relief with more priority for poverty-environment issues, specially for the poorest countries where aid and debt relief continue to have a valuable role to play in service governments to make many of the changes recommended above. Mainstream environment in donor agency operations through staff training, development and application of new skills, tools and approaches, and revisions to the way resources and budgets are allocated.Transparent monitoring of progress against stated objectives and targets is needed in order to hold development agencies accountable and to ensure that a commitment by senior management to addressing poverty-environment issues is put into practice throughout the organization. Conclusion This paper looks ahead with some degree of hope and optimism for the upcoming there are sometimes win-win opportunities, and there are ration al ways of dealing with trade-offs. Environmental degradation is not inevitable, nor the unavoidable result of economic growth.On the contrary, sound and equitable environmental management is key to sustained poverty reduction and achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. There are significant policy opportunities to reduce poverty and improve the environment, but more integrated and pro-poor approaches are needed. The World Summit on Sustainable Development is an opportunity to focus on what is most important and to forge a uniform framework for action, with clear goals and achievable targets backed-up by adequate resources and effective and transparent monitoring mechanisms.There can be no more important goal than to reduce and ultimately eradicate poverty on our planet. PART 1 Why the Environment Matters to People Living in Poverty Water is aliveness and because we have no water, life is miserable (Kenya) We think the earth is generous but what is the incentive to produc e more than the family needs if there are no access roads to get produce to a market? (Guatemala) In the monsoons there is no difference between the land in front of our plate and the public drain. You can see for yourself (India) In their own words, the environment matters greatly to people living in poverty.Indeed, poor peoples perceptions of well-being are strongly related to the environment in damage of their livelihoods, health, vulnerability, and sense of empowerment and ability to control their lives. Figure 1 provides a simplified framework for perceptiveness how environmental management relates to poverty reduction, and why these poverty-environment linkages must be at the core of action to achieve the Millennium Development Goals and related national poverty eradication and sustainable development objectives.Environmental management for poverty reductionDimensions of povertyDevelopment goals Part 1 of the paper focuses on the poverty-environment relationship by examin ing how environmental conditions in twain rural and urban settings relate to three key dimensions of human poverty and well-being ?Livelihoods poor people tend to be most dependent upon the environment and the direct use of natural resources, and therefore are the most severely affected when the environment is degraded or their access to natural resources is limited or denied Health poor people suffer most when water, land and the air are polluted ? vulnerability the poor are most often exposed to environmental hazards and environment-related conflict, and are least capable of coping when they occur. We also are concerned with the relationship between growth and the environment and how it affects the poor and efforts to reduce poverty. The environmental soundness of growth matters considerably to the poor, and countries with similar levels of income and growth can have quite diametric levels of environmental performance.While Figure 1 illustrates the main pathways between envir onmental conditions and dimensions of poverty, in reality these linkages are multi-dimensional, energetic and often inter-connected ?Poverty is now widely viewed as encompassing both income and non-income dimensions of deprivation including lack of income and other material means lack of access to basic social services such as education, health and safe water lack of personal security and lack of empowerment to participate in the political process and in decisions that influence ones life.The dynamics of poverty also are better understood, and extreme vulnerability to external shocks is now seen as one of its major features. Environment refers to the biotic and abiotic components of the natural world that together support life on earth as a provider of goods (natural resources) and ecosystem services utilized for food production, energy and as raw material a recipient and partial recycler of abscond products from the economy and an important source of recreation, beauty, spiritu al values and other amenities. The nature and dynamics of poverty-environment linkages are context-specific reflecting both geographic location and economic, social and cultural characteristics of individuals, households and social groups. Different social groups can prioritize different environmental issues (Brocklesby and Hinshelwood, 2001). In rural areas, poor people are particularly concerned with their access to and the quality of natural resources, especially water, crop and grazing land, forest products and biomass for fuel. For the urban poor, water, energy, sanitation and waste removal are key concerns.Poor women regard safe and physically close access to potable water, sanitation facilities and voluminous energy supplies as crucial aspects of well-being, reflecting their primary role in managing the household. ?Environmental management, as used in this paper, extends well beyond the activities of public environmental institutions. In relation to poverty, environmental m anagement is concerned basically with sustaining the long-term capacity of the environment to provide the goods and services upon which people and economies depend.This means improving environmental conditions and ensuring equitable access to environmental assets in particular land and biological resources, and safe and affordable water supply and sanitation in order to expand poor peoples livelihood opportunities, protect their health and capacity to work, and reduce their vulnerability to environment-related risks. This broader conception of poverty and environment, and of environmental management, is essential to understanding the linkages between them and to identifying appropriate policy and institutional options for improving these linkages.There have been some impressive gains since the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment the first global conference devoted to environment and development issues. There has been a proliferation of environmental policies and institutions at national and sub-national levels, and environmental issues are firmly placed on the agendas of governments, civil club and the private sector. Major global environmental agreements have been forged and global environmental organizations established.Environmental sustainability has become a core concern of bilateral and multilateral development cooperation, and billions of dollars have been spent on environment-related programmes and projects. plain progress also has been achieved on the ground, although the picture is usually mixed. For example, in the 1990s some 900 trillion people gained access to improved water sources. However, this was merely enough to keep pace with population growth, and more or less 1. 2 billion people are still without access to improved water sources, with rural populations particularly under-served (Devarajan et al, 2002).Another example is the productivity of soil used for cereal production, which increased on average in developin g countries from 1979-81 to 1998-2000. However, it fell in some 25 countries, most of them in Africa, with land degradation being one factor behind the decline (World Bank, 2002c). Despite these gains, pressure on the environment continues to mount worldwide, present major challenges to the prospects for poverty reduction and human development in developing countries, in particular the least developed countries.

Compare the descriptions of the four ghosts Essay Example for Free

Compare the descriptions of the four moves Essay two little Christmas book, A Christmas Carol, was one of many of Christmas novels, however the book, as well as selling sixer thousand copies in one week, has become devil most famous novel. Although the Victorians opinions of pinchs were conformist and modern mean solar day referees opinions are more lax the variety of spectres ensured it appealed to both ages and revived the charitable meaning of Christmas for the Victorians. The commencement tactile sensation hellion introduces to the reader is Marley and he using ups vivid adjectives to illustrate the typical conventions of a suggestion. Some of these conventions are shown when Dickens writes, The same face the very same, and describes his apparel as, usual waistcoat, tights, and boots. In saying that the ghost has, the same, face and clothes as the person it originated from, it conforms to the stereotypical image of a ghost. This doctors the reader feel more comfo rtable with the open of the novel allowing the reader to make the prediction that the other ghosts would be similar. This successfully results in the reader universe shocked later on in the book.Furthermore, Dickens uses personification to create the suspense and fearfulness that the reader would expect a ghost to do. This is evident with the quote, flack leaped up, and, it cried, I know him Marleys ghost. When the flame, leaped up, it gives the effect that it has identified something so fearful that it has gave life to in-animate objects. This makes the reader desperate to find out why this ghost is so frightening. The flame also seems to detect that the ghost is Jacob Marley, which suits the idea that a ghost haunts someone that did wrong to them in their preliminary life.Adding to the terrifying image of the spectre, Dickens highlights the fear with the phrase, disturbs the very marrow in his bones. The phrase strengthens the idea that Marley is a typical spectre as a Victor ian reader would expect Scrooge to be vastly scared of the ghost, this is because the conformist opinion was that ghosts were to be frightened of. Although Marley is overall a conventional ghost, Dickens does use a combination of metaphors and similes to add interesting original touches.These are found when the book says, being provided with an god-awful atmosphere of its own, and, as by the hot vapour from an oven. The simile highlights the alteration between Scrooge and the ghost. one interpretation of this is that the simile is a representation of how a ghost sees the world from a different panorama then a human. The simile emphasises this interpretation and suggests that the difference between the perspectives of the two characters is that the ghost looks on the land with envy as his own world as Marleys own world agitates care, hot vapour.This is one of the first signs that the book testament push the conformist boundaries of the after life alerting the reader to the tho ught that this ghost has feelings, which is not expected from a Victorian audience. In contrast to the ghost of Jacob Marley, the ghost of Christmas past is oddish and unconventional. Just as in the description of Marley, Dickens uses sound to build up suspense. For example, he describes the minute of arc bell as, hollow.The use of this word may mean that the ghost is evil, however on the other deal it may suggest that it wont use discretion as it is hollow and doesnt have a embrace this is significant as it was believed that feelings came from the heart in the Victorian period. The word is successful as it makes the reader make predictions about the ghost before it arrives. This is playing with the reader and will create anxiety, as the reader will want to discover whether the prediction was right or not. In addition, Dickens confirms the idea of a ghost further. This occurs when he writes, unearthly visitor.One interpretation of this is that the word, unearthly, gives the imp ression that it doesnt belong on earth and is not a typical creature. This adds to the idea of a typical ghost however, a subtle implication strays from the stereotype. The word, visitor may imply that the ghost will not stay long which may seem insignificant to a modern reader but the Victorians feared that ghosts would haunt a specific person making their lives a misery. I think that this effectively created an unusual sense around the ghost that pre-emptively warns the reader that it isnt a normal ghost.Moreover, Dickens uses juxtaposition to make the reader acknowledge that the ghost represents something. The contrast is shown with phrases such as, like a child, and, like an old man. The contrast implies that what someone does in the past can alter their future so you should invariably do the right thing. This representation is further emphasised with the imagery, now with one leg, and, now with twenty legs as it gives an interesting, visibly imaginable example of the change. T hese quotes are successful as the reader can see that the ghost represents the fact that every action has a consequence.

Discussion about the Play “A Raisin in the Sun” Essay Example for Free

Discussion about the Play A Raisin in the Sun establishIf the imagines between people clashed in a way that their desires are going towards different unparallel directions, go away it be a signifi burnt factor that can buoy suggest that the ambition will no endless be achieved? Or will it remain to be a matter of what to do and dependent with the might to adapt with all the situations To create a new one or to stay as a victim of the failure that happened? More all over, it can be the test of whether the conceive of will be created by a person or the situations like failures will create the dreamers. Either way, it is up to the dreamer which one he will allow to happen. The bidding A Raisin in the Sun portrayed a family bound with dreams, subjected for speculation and risks of failures and tended to stand up once again to bound themselves again with different dreams and start all over. Situations had release too oppressive that they found themselves sometimes, in the midst of dilemmas that are more likely to be considered as lack of options. Each members of the family has repressed wish that distinguished their cite from an separate.In a way, this is the typical American family with their economical and social structure and reacting normally with the involvement of the another(prenominal) king-size factor that made the bend dexter of the written report the factor of gold. With the flow of the story, the struggles the family had in dealing with their situations after the death of the father caused them to create the model situations in their head of what needs to be done. There remained their intentions to have repair life-time for their family and better life for themselves individually.This later tested their grasp with their family ties. With the individual conception of what is good, what can only go wrong is the softness to be in alignment of what you wanted with what other family members wanted. It can likewise become a consecu tive question of whether you hold fast to your dreams or hold on to the blown-upger picture of what needs to be done as part of the family (Mintz and Kellogg 38). The characters of the play supplied the dreamers role and collectively, a set of contrasting roles carrying ideas and subjects.Set in mid 1800s, the story was centered in the dreams of the Younger Family and clashes with prejudices that the characters had as they strive to have a better position in their community as a whole. Perspective to be used in the outline There are schools of thoughts that are highly applicable with the study of the family being portrayed in this play written by Lorraine Hansberry first, we can touch it in the perspective using functionalism or second, it can be through interactionism. Later, this will be used to reveal how the dreams are being formed and what the motivations that determined the establishment of these dreams are.These are the schools that traced the families in America with the ir way of being developed, managed and designed. The corporeal variable in the family structure can be seen through the role they are playing and be analyzed objectively. Also, we can also see it from the perspective of an interactionist who is primarily concerned with the way the people are acting in response to other people or situations. Yes, these schools have difference with the primary objects of their concern, but essentially they contribute with the thorough intellect with the functions and interactions aspect of a family (Hamilton 47).It can transmit us the ideas of where the dreams of the characters in the story are actually directed. The Dreamers, their Motivations, and the meeting It all started with Ten Thousand Dollars. The characters of the play provided the audiences with the humanistic range of possible thought process that can be derived from a single source of stimulus. There was an emphasis prone earlier with the role of Money in this story for this is the s timulus that moved the characters to make their stand. The money pertains to the $10,000 insurance amount that Lena Younger, the maternal character non just a induce figure, got after her husband passed away.Lena is also called Mama in the story and she possessed the maternal qualities that exhibit a picture of a loving, caring, and understanding char. Such a woman only has one goal in life To make her tiddlerren happy or happier with all of her ability. The material figure that conveyed this goal of Mama is the domicil that she bought for $3,000. It symbolizes the unity, stability, and economical status that she believes to be important for her family (Morrin and Hansberry 35-38). The picture of the house portrayed the whole dream of Lena. It extends from the social ground of its manifestation to the subtle emotion a mother could possibly feel.This dream clashes with her sons concerns. Walter, the son, has concerns about the Money that can be categorized as the dream for cont inuous economic stability of the family. When it comes with the nature of his character, he can be the figure that represents manful authority of the story. He supplied the protagonist role but with his racial prejudices paired with his conflicts while performing both role of a son and a husband makes him supply his own contrast as an antagonist. Walter became not excited about the house bought by Mama. He has ulterior motives for the money and had a clear come across in his mind on what to do with the money.For quite a long time, he has a dream of participating in a business involved in Liquor products (Morrin and Hansberry 47). As a masculine role, the story puts more authority in Walters happen as he got the lead over the Insurance money and managed it. Lena put his trust on Walter and this shows how Lena is more than willing to give whatsoever her child wants. Though this doesnt show any touch of negligence in her part. The acquisition process of the dream in this context d oesnt have any conflict yet. The conflict happened with the aftermath of the decision that move Walter in the position of higher authority with the Money.The first clash of dream is done with the two given characters and the structure of both dreams must be observed carefully. We can notice the function of money ranges from how it fuel the quest for the dream to the conflict the two characters had. The conflict didnt last since one of these two dreams was restructured. Lena, whose dream is to provide what her children wanted still managed to achieve it in a way by fueling Walters procedure of achieving his dream. There was a conflict because the functions of the house Lena bought dont go with the alignment of Walters dream.It was settled because Lena followed that alignment as a response without violating her desires that is basically structured solely for the happiness of her children. The other child of Lena is Beneatha, the twenty year old woman, who had dream of being a physici an. She is considered as intellectual and also an ambitious college student and required Money for the matriculation of the course. The conflicts Beneatha had are related to the money she required for her bringing up and this is directed to Walter who has the control over it.Her sole dream of becoming a doctor will be compromised without the money. She got mad at Walter when she learned that Walter did not put any amount for her study. It seems like a big turnaround from all of her aspirations and she went depressed. This clash is likelyly hard for Beneatha since, if money is the fuel for her actions in making her dreams completed, and then it is a big contrast to have none of it. Her dream almost vanished. How did she turn out to broaden seeing hoe despite of what happened? There is another character named Asagai who became the voice of realization.He made Beneatha realized the key thing about this vision of the dream she formed in her head. The dream had already been in her t houghts even prior to the death of his father, so it means that equating money to her dream is a big nuisance. It would be similar to the terrible equation of his fathers death hand in hand with the money. This showed that there remained to be ways on how it could be fulfilled without that so-called fuel of money. It can be money coming from different source instead. Beneatha realized this important thing, found her hope, continued dreaming.With the structure of their dreams, it is apparent that money equates house, then money equates liquor store and finally, money equated matriculation. With its many form, money remained to be the elevation motivation that was shown in the play. The big question would be, along this clash of dreams, for how long can money control or determine the actions of the characters? On the mid part of the play, Walter was betrayed by his business partner leaving him with no money. There came the confrontations with Walter and the other characters especiall y with his wife, Ruth, who was also driven by dreams of having financial stability.It made them start from the breadstuff and all realizations that they need were established. Money is just a motivation but never a causal factor of the quality of life that a harmonious family could have. Moreover, the dreams are manifestations that we are living while seeking whatever we want out of life. Money is not much important although, yes, it rates reasonably as oxygen. Lorraine Hansberrys approach in tackling the concept of American dream showed that Money can either be seen as a fuel or an obstacle. The dreams that we have though is a picture of what we can do.At the kindred time as what we can see in the play is the motivation that money can give us but it doesnt match the quality of motivation that important people can give. whole kit and caboodle Cited Hamilton, Peter. Reconsidering Blummers Corrective Against the excess of Functionalism. Talcott Parsons critical assessments. 4 (199 2), 47-49 Mintz, Steven and Kellogg, Susan. Domestic revolutions a social history of American family life. New York The Free Press, 1988 Morrin, Maxine and Hansberry, Lorraine. A raisin in the sun. USA Research and Education Association, 1994.

Multicultural education Essay Example for Free

Multicultural upbringing EssayFrom its early beginnings in the 1960s, multicultural direction has since been in a constant state of growth both in theory and in practice (Gorski Covert 1996). In the last four decades, it has undergone perennial transformation, focusing and conceptualization as challenges emerge one after the other from a rapidly ever-changing population demographics and a significant growth in diverse multicultural groups. The result is a the great unwashed of conceptualizations reflecting different foci but which basically share the same ideals rooted upon the need for transformation or change. Gorski (2000) defines multicultural education as a progressive approach for transforming education that holistically critiques and addresses current shortcomings, failings, and discriminatory practices in education. These shared ideals that include social justice, equity in educational opportunities, and the dedication to help students reach their entire potential as learners and as socially conscious and active individuals provide the basis for understanding multicultural education.It is a process of action, through which adults achieve clarity about their condition in this society and ship canal to change it (Phillips, 1988). Multicultural education acknowledges that schools, among all other institutions, play a pivotal role in building the foundation and acting as major influencing factor for the transformation of society and the elimination of burdensomeness and injustice. The realities of the times clearly speak for the growing importance and relevance of multicultural education.Cultural diversity in schools is indeed one considerable challenge but like any other, it can be a most welcome opport accord. History has shown us that nations are enriched by the ethnic, cultural, and language diversity among its citizens (Banks, 2001). Schools play a significant part in finding ways to harness and redirect cultural diversity into creating uni ty and progress in schools and ultimately to society in general. References Banks, J. A. (April 2001).Diversity within unity Essential principles for learn and learning in a multicultural society. New Horizons for Learning. Retrieved on May 28, 2009 from http//www. newhorizons. org/strategies/multicultural/banks. htm Gorski, P. Covert, B. (1996 2000). Defining multicultural education. Retrieved on May 28, 2009 from http//www. edchange. org/multicultural/define_old. html Phillips, C. B. (1988). Nurturing diversity for todays children and tomorrows leaders. Young Children 43(2).