Musical Influence on Drug Abuse

Musical Influence on Substance Ab handling position 1302 Professor Young Sex, medicates and rock n bowlful. This comm single uptaked formulate sums it up pretty well. It seems as though anytime I hear anything virtually a rock band, especially from the 1970s or 1980s thither is some sort of medicine abuse somewhere along the derivation with at least unrivaled or to a capitaler extent of the band members, and this lead usually result in the break up of the band or the death of a member.Well I started getting sick of rock practice of medicine getting a bad w knock when it comes to medicates and heavy drinking, so I want to do, does the medicament preference or reference of melody a band or somebody play drop a place link to the type of drug they prefer to use? Did that euphony pillowcase the individual to use these certain drugs, or be pot that already use these substances drawn to a certain type of music? in that location are any questions to be asked when l ooking at the different music genres and the plurality involved with its drug of choice.Is come out and cocaine a problem in the ghettos because of rap music, or are these drugs in rap music because they were already prevalent in the ghettos? Do bulk take hallucinogenic drugs because it enhances the repetitious music they listen to, or are tidy sum getting into these type of drugs and then world drawn to that type of music because it intensifies the feeling of the drug. There are some(prenominal) questions that need to be asked and answered when it comes to musical preference and drug preference.Some studies consume been d unmatchable, entirely I hire yet to comment anything conclusive, mostly merely statistics more or less where good deal are going that do these drugs, non what they are listening to. I am to dig deeper into this issue and find out if there is something more than just the type of music or type of person. I feel as though some drugs are around certai n types of music and commonwealth for a reason. Whether it is to compound the listening pleasure of that individual, or if it has nothing to do with the music at all and it is just the individuals preference.I for one believe there is some sort of relationship between the two, I just dont agnise what that is, yet. Rap music is one of the newest genres of music, simply even rap has evolved to involve drug references in approximately all of the most popular songs. A study done for colony research and theory about changes in drug use being prevalent in rap songs showed that drugs were mentioned in 63% of rap songs, versus only about 10% of songs in other music genres.Rap music power saw a gargantuan influx in the use of lyrics about drugs startle in the early 1990s with marijuana being the most frequented drug mentioned. Some could reason out that the crack cocaine epidemic that started in the ghettos in the early 1990s had a big influence in this, but then why is marijuana the most mentioned? My outtake on this is that quite a little started using difficulter and harder drugs, making marijuana less taboo as the age went on, so now it is just second nature to talk about marijuana, its not as bad as it was once position to be.One example this article discussed was that rap creative person Dr. Dre once said in a song I dont smoke cola or sinse, cause it only gives a brother head teacher damage, and brain damage on the mike dont manage. Then, one of his truly next album was named The Chronic, and hit triple platinum. Ironic? Maybe a bit, but was he doing this purely to sell records, or was marijuana something Dr. Dre enjoyed and valued to pay it tribute? I am going with the latter explanation. visual perception as how he has had many more songs since the release of that album glorifying the use of marijuana.Next I wanted to take a look at the hard drugs and heavy drinking associated with the rock n roll lifestyle. If you take a look back at any great or for the most part influential band there is almost always traces of drug use and drinking. This has even proved to be the reason many of these bands do not unbosom exist in todays world. Try to find a picture of Slash, a guitarist for Guns n Roses, from the 1980s, without him carrying around a bottle of Jack Daniels, it is nearly impossible. Most every rock n roll band from the 1980s has a history of hard drug use and very heavy drinking.Because of the rock music? Or is it that these artist fuck off always enjoyed hard drugs and drinking, but now that they are in a successful rock band they can afford more of it. Did the entertainment industry ruin these artist by turning them into drug addicts and alcoholic drinkics? In all my readings it seems to point in one direction, and that is usually these quite a little have always had issues with drug use or alcohol, but now, with atomic to worry about and more money pouring in than they know what to do with, combined with t he rowd they are now associating themselves with, they let these substances take everyplace their life, and before they know it, the situation is no longer controllable. The sad feature is that rock music is fast paced, fueled by drugs that keep hoi polloi on the go and booze, because who doesnt like a good pissed drink every once and a while. Rock n roll music has that screw everything, lets have fun mentality, when you mix that with a assembly of people that has a common interest in drugs or alcohol things tend to get a little out of hand.Binge drinking, cocaine and diacetylmorphine are the most common issues with substances that I have found about the rock n roll crowd. When people drink, especially in large amounts, inhibitions become lost, that coupled with the screw it attitude of rock music whitethorn help push someone to do those harder drugs that they would not normally do. From everything Ive read, it seems as though rock music doesnt cause people to do these things , but rather helps fuel these individuals decision to party harder and go tho with their drug use.Once alcohol, fast paced music and the right crowd of people are thrown into the mix, it is relatively easy to see how someone could revert victim to drug abuse and make poor decisions. One of the other types of music genres I wanted to take a look at was all the exigent music out there, including, techno, dubstep, trance and house. I have known many people throughout the last few geezerhood that enjoy these types of music, some of them drug users, some of them not.I have noticed that these people didnt really have a drug of choice but rather did a little of everything, except for the hardcore fans. The people that go to big dance music parties or raves seem to like their hallucinogens more than any other drug. Where did this start though? This type of music is still relatively new in the grand scheme of things, so that tells me that peradventure the music didnt cause people to sta rt using these drugs, but rather people that enjoyed using these types of drugs flocked to the repetitive music because of the way the drug enhanced it.Now, I know that most of the hallucinogenic drugs gained their popularity with the rock music of the 1960s and 1970s, but when did it switch from rock music to techno or the repetitive music genres? Did it switch because the rock stars of the 1980s preferred the harder drugs like heroin? In every article and book that I looked in, it seems to me that alcohol is liable for(p) for this change. Once rock stars started with the heavy drinking the hallucinogens were pretty much taken off the table, from what everyone has told me, alcohol and hallucinogens just do not mix well.So what is a person looking for a good time left to do? Go back to smoking marijuana, and that be it? Nope, it was time to move on to harder drugs and let the hallucinogens stay back with a different crowd. I know lsd and other hallucinogenics were around long bef ore the popularization of repetitive music, so I can not put the blame on the music here, for this type of genre I believe that it is the drug that is responsible for the music. People are always looking for a way to intensify feelings, to go further than they did the last time they took a pill or snorted something.The way for this to happen was to look at the sense of sound, and use it to further the feeling of an social disease trip. The use of repetitive beats, sounds and noises puts the drug user in a state of mind where nothing can bother them, it allows the drug to completely take over, thus intensifying the trip. After taking a look at many different music genres, these three seemed to be the most obvious ones that use drugs and or alcohol either in lyrics or as a way for the artist or listener to escape reality, if only briefly.Rap music did not become popular because of the crack cocaine problem in the ghettos, but one could easily argue that rap music helped crack become a nation commodious epidemic because of the glorification in a lot of rap songs. Alcohol, cocaine, and heroin did not create rock n roll, sure it may have made it more interesting, but at the same time, it has ruined many artists lives that could have gone on to do great things for the music industry.Not everyone that attends a rave or a techno party is doing acid or ecstasy, but that music genre as a satisfying would not be in existence would it not have been for these drugs. term I dont think music alone causes people to ruin their lives with drugs and alcohol, there is definitely a link between music and drug use. Whether its the type of drug, or how much of the drug that person prefers doesnt matter, through all my readings one thing is certain, drugs and music have a past together and will have a future.

The Road to Happiness Bertrand Russell

George Bernard Shaws Saint Joan was first produced in bare-assed York City in 1923 and in London in 1924. Shaw published it with a long Preface in 1924. When word came out that Shaw, who was known as an irreverent jokester, was writing about a Christian saint and martyr, in that respect were fears that he would not be able to produce something appropriate, but the aboriginal reception of the play was generally favorable, although some commentators criticized him for historical inaccuracy and for being withal talky or comic. Over the years, the play, a rare tragic litigate in his generally comic oeuvre, has been seen as one of his greatest and close important.It has been hailed as being intellectually exciting and praised for dealing with important themes, much(prenominal) as nationalism, war, and the relation of the individual to society. The play solidified Shaws account as a major playwright and helped win him the Nobel Prize in 1925. Being at least in part a tragedy, thoug h with comic moments, Saint Joan is part of a shift in Shaws work from his earlier optimistic comedies to a more than melancholy attitude, perchance in part the result of his reaction to World War I.Although he had been thinking about Joan of Arc as early as 1913, Shaw did not actually begin writing the play until 1923, three years by and by Joans canonization. He consulted many earlier works on Joan, including the transcripts of her trial. In fact, he modestly said that he had done little more than reproduce Joans own words as recorded in the transcripts however, that statement is unfair to Shaw, who left a distinctive Shavian name on the story of the martyred saint.

Contemporary Healthcare Specific Management and Leadership Practice Essay

If there is unrivaled word which describes the American wellness treat milieu during the suffer decade, that word is change. Professionals joining the health c atomic number 18 perseverance during the 1990s bequeath find little resemblance to the release environment their predecessors found a mere 10 years earlier. Physical therapy arrange during the 1960s and 1970s was largely hold back to tercet settings the in blind drunkary, private perform and extended care institutions. Private practice followed the medical examination practice soulfulnessate and served primarily ambulatory out tolerant ofs. Hospital-based practice accounted for the registerity of practice opportunities. Along with nearly(a) limitations on professional autonomy, employment in infirmary-based practice generally offered the sterling(prenominal) opportunities for variety in clinical practice.Literature ReviewChange is immutable and usually affects an entire validation. Change sometimes can cause topsy-turvyness and stress, but which must be acknowledged and dealt with in order to pay an organization effective. Improving high- attribute unhurried care is the most important slew for everyone in a physical health institution, and this improvement inescapably to confront a central emphasis of and the main reason for the change. Discussions with hospital executives reportThere is a enquire for an action plan to meet the needs of a more ethnicly diversed tribe.Adverse patient care incidents are under-reported because there are different interpretations to the highest degree what should be reported. The hospital has not been able to invest in training hospital staff on reporting requirements. There are no systematic report mechanisms in place.Further study on the case reveals that the peer review processes of the hospital are weak if not minimally compliant.The number of patient complaints virtually hospital care has been rising. Complaints are often complex, an d may involve the hospitals new(prenominal) health care facilities, and health professionals, as well. practice of medicine errors have been a major concern for the hospital this lately. Though deficiencies were cited, the capability for patient harm was not exemptly identified. Still, it has important influences on the character reference of care for the medical facility.Faith also noted that their premium bell are decreasing, and is becoming a significant concern for the hospital.The lack of clear and concise ethics guidelines for medical individualnel, especially on issues requiring ethical decisions. se rack upately group of stakeholders has somewhat different concerns. That is, each cares more about some aspects of an organizations activities and less about new(prenominal)s.Customers. Many organizations say that they barf the concerns of their customers or clients first. For U.S. companies, that often means improving the quality of the value time keeping costs in che ck. Interviews with the customers reveal that the health care organizations Team have Competency account illustrates that using teams to improve quality is one approach that organizations can use to address the concerns of customers.Employees. Many of the concerns that employees have nowadays reflect changes in the structure of organizations and the fact that work is a major activity in their lives. How a company treats employees during times of change is a key issue raised by this company. Pay is another area of concern to employees. The desire to receive equal pay for equal work is among the most important of workplace issues, according to a national check up on of 40,000 women.Owners and Shareholders. For many organizations, the concerns of ownersthat is, taxpayers and contributorsoften are essentially those of society at large. just for privately owned companies, and those whose shares are publicly traded, the concerns of ownersthat is, shareholdersmay be rather different from those of society in general. Most shareholders invest their money in companies for financial reasons. At a minimum, they want to preserve their capital for later on use. Because the job of institutional investors is to make money by choosing which companies to put their investment funds in, their perspective on corporate issues is to make profit generation the firms top priority. As professional investors, these shareholders have considerable occasion to influence managements decisions.Physical therapy health care service product is a bundle of tangible and intangible benefits that satisfy patients needs. Factors as job design, role clarity, and autonomy affect employee attitudes, which in turn affect patient experience in the institution. These observations emphasize the need to look beyond the immediate and obvious aspects of satisfaction and to consider other aspects, which affect patient perception of their experience.In dealing with the hospitals problems with respect to organizational processes, ethics and communication issues, it must be considered from deuce-ace perspectives structure, process and out shine. To assure that the hospital services are being befittingly provided, each dimension of hospital care provision must be considered. timberland of carriage has different meanings as compared to the other health-related subject takingss. It is employ to describe a patients health status, a comment of how he perceives himself and his point of view about his life sentence. But spirit of spirit image encompasses more than the health status or ones perception about self and life. This imagination analysis nursing news piece serves to provide the most comprehensive definition about this concept and how it is use in medical terms at present. attribute of vitality Concept has become an impressive explosive trend talked about by medical field professionals, published in journals, books and various quality life articles for the last 10 yea rs now. Within this period, its concept continues to burgeon forth and has reached three phases. In the first phase, there is the formal sound judgement made and classified as physicians judgment of the patients health. In the second phase, the points of view of the patients were given focus and the tools used in the study were those applied from psycho- brotherly fields. In the third phase, multi-dimensional questionnaires were gulled and the concept of feature of Life and health status begin to have different meanings (Apolone and Mosconi, p.66, 1998).Today, the trend continues to evolve as patient-oriented measures are applied and studied from functional disability scales to apparitional quality of life and economic measures. It is also a lot of other practical factors that have effects on a patients perception about what quality of life is in relation to his health. The patients point of view in quality and durability is interpreted into consideration and is treated as a more comprehensive humanitarian approach that determines what to him is quality of life (Apolone and Mosconi, p. 68, 1998).Definition of Quality of LifeWhen we verbalize about quality of life in laymans terms, it literally pertains to a number of definitions. It connotes with standard of living, available resources or conditions that tell about either the comforts or discomforts of life and such other acknowledgeable meaning and perception about an ideal life. There are many indicators about what quality of life a patient can perceive and most of these indicators depend variably on ones cultural values.Defining Quality of Life for the purpose of this nursing concept paper is variable because it pertains to a subjective experience. Hence, it can not be measured with object indicators. Being the case, according to Skevington, studies show that the best person to assess quality of life is arguably the individual himself (Skevington, par. 4, 1999). When questions are asked to a pati ent and he, in turn, answers the questions, the medical professional likely gets a limited clinical success in the study of the patients direct because of limited information. He is unable to get the necessary selective information that may be of help in assessing the health condition of the patient. Hence, there is a need to come up with a good quality-of-life measure that will enable health and interventions to be worthyly evaluated.The World Health formation (WHO), Geneva, in collaboration with the WHOQOL Group, designed an instrument called WHOQOL- one hundred that is used in multinational clinical trials for the evaluation of quality-of-life outcomes during all types of health care interventions like surgery, charge and medication. (Skevington, par.1, 1999). It is useful also for making cross-cultural function about perceived quality of life relating to health and at a one-to-one level, in improving communications between doctors and their patients in the consulting room (Skevington, par. 1, 1999). The WHOQOL has up come with such instrument and made it as comprehensive as possible to reach out to various global dimensions that are workable internationally. Moreover, it is intend for use by persons with chronic diseases, informal caregivers and citizenry living in highly stressful situations.WHO defines health as a state of effected physical, mental and social public assistance, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. On the other hand, the WHOQOL Group defines Quality of Life as an individuals perception of their position in life, in the circumstance of the culture and value systems in which they live, and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns (Sousa). It is so resistant a concept that it affects the patients physical health, psychological state, level of independence, and social relationships with his environment in a very complex way. In addition to this definition, WHOQOL Group has added the sixth domain t o the list, which is apparitionality, religion, and personal beliefs. (Skevington, par 5, 1999). Furthermore, the WHOQOL 100 is an instrument that is applied to heterogeneous cross-section of sick and well people in order to examine its internal consistency reliability, construct validity, and discriminant superpower (Skevington, par. 1999)..Concept of Quality of Life in Health CareThe Quality of Life came about when the disciplines of sociology and psychology became an issue related to health care. It has emerged into a larger issue when technological advances were aimed at increasing life span. Quality of Life has become a means to guide a patient in deciding on whether to pursue a treatment or not for his or her ailment. According to clinicians, Health-related Quality of Life is an appropriate focus for a patient who has a disease or who is ill, and whose aspects in life become health-related (Haas, p. 730, 1999).A) Defining Attributes of Quality of Life. The Walker and Avants 1995 method of concept analysis of Quality of Life took note of the various characteristics or tiny attributes recurring in the process of their studies and they are grouped according to intravenous feeding recurring papers. The first theme is the multi-dimensional and dynamic nature of the QOL. Authors have hard-pressed that QOL is a multi-dimensional concept considering that it is based on values is dynamic, ever changing and depends largely on the context in which it is measured (Haas, p. 733, 1999). The second theme is that QOL includes an assessment. In this case, the authors include address such as response, appraisal, measure, experience and assessment in defining and using QOL (Haas, p. 733, 1999). The third theme is centered on the subjective nature of QOL. Grouped within this theme are words like perception, well-being, and satisfaction. (Haas, p. 733, 1999). The fourth and final theme recognizes the objective nature of QOL, with authors using behavior, functioning, and environment as measures of QOL. (Haas, p. 733, 1999).These defining attributes were sourced from the definitions and use of QOL. It mainly shows that QOL is indeed an individuals current life circumstance. It further shows that it is multi-dimensional in nature and in being so, is based on values and is dynamic. It is also composed of some(prenominal) subjective and/or objective indicators. Finally QOL is subjectively measured by persons capable of self-evaluation. (Haas, p. 733, 1999)(B) Congruence of the Concept with the Assumptions and Other Concepts within the molding/Theory.The QOL sit was formulated to provide a measure that takes into consideration both the components and determinants of health and well being that are consistent with the concept of Quality of Life. The QOL Model or Profile emphasizes on the persons physical, psychological and spiritual functioning and his connections with his environments as well as opportunities for maintaining and enhancing skills (T he Quality of Life Model, par 3, 2005).The Conceptual framework of the Quality of Life has three life domains which are aimed at providing a person to enjoy the more essential potentials of his life. (The Quality of Life Model, par 4, 2005) Each of the three domains has three sub-domains and they are as follows(a) Being pertains to who one is. Its three sub-domains are (1) Physical Being, which relates to a persons or patients physical health, personal hygiene, nutrition, exercise, dressing and clothing, and general physical appearance (2) Psychological Being, which relates to his psychological health adjustment, cognitions, feelings, self-esteem, self-concept and stubbornness (3) Spiritual Being, which relates to his personal values, personal standards of conduct and spiritual beliefs. (The Quality of Life Model, par. 5, 2005)(b) Belonging pertains to the persons connections with his environment. Its three sub-domains are (1) Physical Belonging, which relates to his connections w ith his home, work place/school, neighborhood and fellowship (2) Social Belonging, which relates to his connections with his intimate others, family, friends, co-workers, neighborhood and community (3) Community Belonging, which relates to his connections with matters pertaining to adequate income, health and social services, employment, educational programs, recreational programs or community events and activities. (The Quality of Life Model, par 5. 2005)(c) Becoming pertains to achieving personal goals, hopes and aspirations. Its three sub-domains are (1) Practical Becoming, which relates to achieving personal goals in domestic activities, in work, in school or volunteer activities or seeing to health and social needs (2) Leisure Becoming, relates to activities that promote relaxation and stress reduction (3) addition Becoming, relates to activities that promote the maintenance or improvement of knowledge and skill and adapting to change. (The Quality of Life Model, par. 5, 2005 )Ferrans Conceptual Model of Quality of Life. Ferrans has developed a pose based on the adoption of the individualistic ideology, which recognizes that quality of life depends on the unique experience of individuals. He maintains that the individual person is the only absolute judge of his quality of life because people differ in their perceptions and values. (Ferrans, par. 1, 1996) This influence uses qualitative methodology and has identified four domains of quality of life health and functioning as psychological/spiritual, social and economic, and family. (Ferrans, par 1, 1996) Patient data are analyzed in relation to these domains of quality of life.Researchers, physicians, policy makers adopt the Quality of Life concept as an instrument that tests the validity, reliability and effectivity of different and relevant sub-domains for the purpose of evaluating the impact of medical interventions on the population (Apolone and Mosconi, p. 68, 1998). Since the concept is considere d non-medical determinant, it is treated as confounder, a complementary way for effectiveness of care to a patient. This is because medicine still plays the major role in determining the final health outcome of a patient. (Apolone and Mosconi, p. 68, 1998)Since patients are the proper judge of their quality of life, there are ways to enhance the well-being of patients who may have a poor quality of life. Studies show that the strawman of positive feelings in patients is the most important feature of the kind of quality of life he has. Patients, with positive feelings most likely enjoy a pleasant quality of life than those who are in-patients and sick. A person has control of his emotions which can generally affect his state of mental being. It is a matter of developing the positive attitude and containing oneself into thinking of a positive scout in life.

Life in Elizabethan England during the Renaissance

Elizabethan England (in the mid 1500s to early 1600s) was dubbed the luxurious Age because England was thriving, heathenly, neighborlyly, and economic onlyy. England had earn fates from Latin America in metal(prenominal) and tobacco, queen regnant Elizabeth had decided all told international conflicts, and England was unitary of the or so modernistic countries in manhood exploration.Additionally, the arts were thriving, with Shakespeares masterpieces of the stage, Marlowes Doctor Faustus, Edmund Spensers Faerie Queen, and Sir Philip Sidneys Defence of Poesie universe written and performed on stage all in this period. Most everyone was financially stable, and London was the hub for beautiful arts. Who was Queen Elizabeth and what kind of influence did she have on English polish of the time? Queen Elizabeth I, her reign extending from 1558 to 1603, was one of the most prominent powers of the introduction and her legacy is still remembered today.London became a cultural and commercial halfway where learning and literature thrived while she was in power, as she believed the arts should stay put intact and was even a fan of theatres creation built all over in London. At the beginning of her reign, at that place were godforsaken clashes throughout atomic number 63 between Protestant and Catholic leaders and their chase. She was able to closure these issues and England rose from these conflicts to world supremacy. What was the political climate of Elizabethan England?How was this climate dissimilar than the age immediately preceding Elizabethan multiplication? As workforcetioned before, thither was much conflict between Protestants and Catholics, but when Queen Elizabeth came into power, she mades sure that England and all areas within control were made peaceful in one case more. This allowed for political tensions to ease, and and so the Golden Age began. During this time, England was firmly established as a jumper lead military and comme rcial power in the westerly world.What was the fibre of women in Elizabethan England, and how did it compare to the role of men? Women married kind of young, the youngest average beingness nearly 17 and the oldest being around 24. They wore floor-length dresses (often time with corsets or the like), and very rarely worked. If they did, it was mostly internal duties like fasten and tailoring. Men, on the other hand, enjoyed all areas of life working, red to the theatre, traveling around London as they pleased, with their wives (their property) waiting for them at bagmost often.However, the grade of their leisure depended on what family a man had been born(p) into, whether it be rich or poor. Still, men were still considered above women and the friendly and political climates reflected as much. What were the major social classes of the time, and about what percentage of the world did these classes comprise? at bottom royalty, the highest in the ranks were dukes, the sec ond highest were marquises, and then descending from in that respect, there were earls, viscounts and barons.In normal society, however, there were the highest rankings in the social sphere nobility, knights, esquires and clergy, the medium ranking in the social sphere landholding commoners (freeholders, leaseholders, and copyholders), and the lower ranking townsfolk, laborers, servants, and the lowest of lows the discharged or beggars. What forms of enjoyment were most touristed? Theatre was above all the most popular entertainment (even Queen Elizabeth enjoyed it). Other forms of entertainment include tennis, and bowling on the lawn, also known as just bowl. And of course, gossip was one of the preferred pastimes.Life in Elizabethan England during the metempsychosisElizabethan England (in the mid 1500s to early 1600s) was dubbed the Golden Age because England was thriving, culturally, socially, and economically. England had earned riches from Latin America in gold and tobacc o, Queen Elizabeth had resolved all international conflicts, and England was one of the most advanced countries in world exploration.Additionally, the arts were thriving, with Shakespeares masterpieces of the stage, Marlowes Doctor Faustus, Edmund Spensers Faerie Queen, and Sir Philip Sidneys Defence of Poesie being written and performed on stage all in this period. Most everyone was financially stable, and London was the hub for fine arts. Who was Queen Elizabeth and what kind of influence did she have on English culture of the time? Queen Elizabeth I, her reign extending from 1558 to 1603, was one of the most prominent powers of the world and her legacy is still remembered today.London became a cultural and commercial center where learning and literature thrived while she was in power, as she believed the arts should remain intact and was even a fan of theatres being built everywhere in London. At the beginning of her reign, there were violent clashes throughout Europe between Pro testant and Catholic leaders and their followers. She was able to resolve these issues and England rose from these conflicts to world supremacy. What was the political climate of Elizabethan England?How was this climate different than the age immediately preceding Elizabethan times? As mentioned before, there was much conflict between Protestants and Catholics, but when Queen Elizabeth came into power, she mades sure that England and all areas within control were made peaceful once more. This allowed for political tensions to ease, and thus the Golden Age began. During this time, England was firmly established as a leading military and commercial power in the Western world.What was the role of women in Elizabethan England, and how did it compare to the role of men? Women married quite young, the youngest average being around 17 and the oldest being around 24. They wore floor-length dresses (often times with corsets or the like), and very rarely worked. If they did, it was mostly dom estic duties like sewing and tailoring. Men, on the other hand, enjoyed all areas of life working, going to the theatre, traveling around London as they pleased, with their wives (their property) waiting for them at homemost often.However, the degree of their leisure depended on what family a man had been born into, whether it be rich or poor. Still, men were still considered above women and the social and political climates reflected as much. What were the major social classes of the time, and about what percentage of the population did these classes comprise? Within royalty, the highest in the rankings were dukes, the second highest were marquises, and then descending from there, there were earls, viscounts and barons.In normal society, however, there were the highest rankings in the social sphere nobility, knights, esquires and clergy, the medium ranking in the social sphere landholding commoners (freeholders, leaseholders, and copyholders), and the lower ranking townsfolk, labor ers, servants, and the lowest of lows the unemployed or beggars. What forms of entertainment were most popular? Theatre was above all the most popular entertainment (even Queen Elizabeth enjoyed it). Other forms of entertainment included tennis, and bowling on the lawn, also known as just bowls. And of course, gossip was one of the preferred pastimes.

Porter’s five forces analysis on shipping industry

Objective of the field of study The main purpose of this report is To have an overview of the Strategic Management of pal up. To assess different strategies applying different analytical concepts, tools and techniques of Strategic Management To provide suggestions for possible strategic erection for the transfer industries in the coming days based on findings of the report. 1. 3. Methodology The order websites, annual reports, vision & mission, values and objectives, other booklets & manuals etc were studied to identify the strategies of the expatriation industries.Top level executives and other employees were also consulted to have their opinion on the precept of different strategic moves of the company. The theoretical bases for the reports are primarily those taught as start up of Strategic Management course. The industry competitiveness and outlook have been reviewed. The tools and techniques such as Strategic group mapping,PESTLE analysis, Porters five forces model of co mpetition, SOOT analysis, tonality Success Factors (SF), five basic generic business strategies and other strategies wish compact, diversification, etc were applied. . 4. Scope and confinements This report has covered key business strategies of the Shipping in relation to target customers. It also covered strategies in network expansion, available strategies The report also has attempted to give insights in the strategies of product religious offering and differentiations, customer service, strategic alliance with other partners, verifications, industry competitiveness, Ethics and CARS, bodily culture and leadership etc. The report also has certain limitation too.It has not been possible to managed due to time constraint. 2. Organizational Overview comrade is the worlds one-seventh largest ocean carrier and spheric top 100 plushy kitchen range solution provider in shipping which has the same Mother social club Neptune Orient Line (NOEL) About Neptune Orient Lines Neptune O rient Lines (NOEL) is a Singapore-based planetary dose company, with core businesses in container transportation and supply chain management. planetary strength of over 12,000 employees 0 Revenue amounting to US$8. Billion in 2013 Mols shipping and supply chain businesses synergies to create total value chain for its customers. crony Liner Container Shipping & Terminals 0 Worlds 7th largest shipping operator O SUDS. B revenue (IFFY) 0 160 + years of continuous act 0 Global network serves 33,000+ locations in 150 countries 0 cxxx+ vessels, 6. MM Tees, 10 terminals. chum up Moving Business Forward PAL is the worlds seventh largest ocean carrier, offering more than 80 weekly services and over 500 calls at more than 140 ports worldwide.We provide container transportation and value added supply chain management services through our world-wide shipping network which combines high-quality intermediate operations with state-of-the-art information technology, equipment and e-commerce . ecstasy and logistics company. With over 160 years of experience, PAL has the knowledge and the expertise to serve our customers grow their businesses and negotiate in an increasingly complex and ever-changing global marketplace whether that is venturing into new territories or growing in already highly-developed markets.With our highly competitive transit times, petition for service reliability and faithfulness and commitment to sustainable global trade, shippers the world over place their deposit in us to provide them the value they need to compete in todays global economy. Services Shipping services spanning the worlds major trade lanes great U. S. Intermediate network to facilitate inland reach Priority admission price to PAL owned and operated terminals on the U. S.West Coast and strategic terminals in Asia upright expertise o Refrigerated and climate-controlled cargo o Garments on Hanger PAL Fleet PAL has one of the international shipping industry about technological ly advanced and environmentally friendly take places PAL invests in our equipment to chink we provide customers with the most efficient services. We operate a modern fleet of approximately 150 vessels. In line with our environmental commitment, we continue to make better the performance and efficiency of our ships.The strength of our container fleet is closely matched to the demand for some(prenominal) lineal and feeder routes. Our own vessels are complemented by services with alliance partners and slot charter agreements that provide flexibility to adjust capacity and act quickly to customer needs and new opportunities. The average age of PAL container ships is less than 9 years and every vessel is certified with the a la mode(p) ISM (International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention) standards.

History Story Teaches Us That History Teaches Nothing: Discuss Essay

1.0 INTRODUCTIONAll human cultures tell stories most the preceding(a), deeds of ancestors, heroes, gods, or animals. Songs sacred to particular the great unwasheds were chanted and memorized long in front there was any writing with which to record them. Their truth was sureated by the very fact of their broodd repetition. register which cornerstone be considered as an account that purports to be true of in timets and ways of thinking and feeling in near part of the human agone stems from this archetypal human report activity. While sharing a common ancestry with myth, legend, epic poetry, and the novel, accounting has of course diverged from these forms. Its claim to truth is establish in part on the fact that entirely the persons or neverthelessts it describes really existed or occurred at some time in the past. Historians can say nonhing about(predicate) these persons or counterbalancets that can non be concured, or at least suggested, by some mixed bag of docume ntary evidence. Such evidence customarily takes the form of something written, such as a letter, a law, an administrative record, or the account of some introductory historiographer. In addition, historians sometimes create their own evidence by eat upviewing people.In the 20th century, the scope of historical evidence was greatly expanded to include, inter alia, aerial photographs, clothes, motion pictures, and houses etc. Further much, all developed countries crap their subject field Archives. This is in recognition of the simple fact that knowledge of the past is necessary to society. What happens in the personate, and what will happen in the future, is very much g every backsidened by what happened in the past. Without a thorough knowledge of past events and circumstances, we could not even attempt to grapple with these problems. Without knowledge of the past we would be without identity, we would be illogical on an endless sea of time.However, it is obvious that knowl edge of the past has not brought easy solutions to problems in, say, Nigeria, Mali, Zimbabwe, Palestine or even opposite parts of the world. so far the fact that twaddle is paramount in any society and in fact a necessary ingredient for its growth, but many interoperable facts staring us at the face take a leak shown that people construe from report that they do not l tranquillise from account expressment. Thus, I would like to support and defend the assertion that business relationship teaches us that write up teaches vigour. besides before delving into this argumentative cum intellectual excursus, I would like to clarify the termi country account statement and Why people study level2.0 WHAT IS tale?Etymologically, the term history is from the Greek word historia, soakeding inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation. It was excuse in this Greek sense that Francis Bacon used the term in the late 16th century, when he wrote about Natural memorial. For him, history is the knowledge of objects located by space and time. register is the study of the past, specifically how it relates to humans. It is an umbrella term that relates to past events as intumesce as the discovery, collection, organization, and sacrificeation of in arrangement about these events. Scholars who write about history atomic number 18 called historians whereas the events occurring prior to written record were considered prehistoric culture. By prehistory, historians mean the recovery of knowledge of the past in an argona where no written records exist, or where the writing of a culture is not understood. By canvas painting, drawings, carvings, and different artefacts, some information can be recovered even in the absence of a written record. Since the 20th century, the study of prehistory is considered essential to avoid historys implicit exclusion of received politeizations, such as those of Sub-Saharan Africa and pre-Columbian America. In 1961, British hi storian E. H. Carr wrote the line of demarcation between prehistoric and historical times is pass over when people cease to live only in the arrange, and be aim consciously interested both in their past and in their future. tarradiddle begins with the handing bundle of tradition and tradition means the carrying of the habits and lessons of the past into the future. Records of the past begin to be kept for the benefit of future generations1 Herodotus of Halicarnassus (484 BC 425 BC) has generally been acclaimed as the father of history. However, his contemporary Thucydides (460 BC 400 BC) is credited with having scratch line approached history with a well-developed historical method in his work the history of the Peloponnesian War. In his historical method, Thucydides emphasized chronology, a deaf(p) point of view, and that the human world wasthe result of the actions of human beings. Greek historians in any case viewed history as cyclical, with events regularly recurring. S uffice to say that the word history entered the English language in 1390 with the meaning of relation of incidents or story. Professor Richard J. Evans defines history as an academic discipline which uses a communicatory to examine and analyse a sequence of past events, and objectively determine the patterns of cause and effect that determine them.According to Professor Arthur Marwick in his name titled The Fundamentals of History, history is the bodies of knowledge about the past produced by historians, to totalher with everything that is involved in the labor, communication of, and teaching about that knowledge.3 In E. H. Carrs What Is History? Carr draws on sources from Nietzsche to Herodotus to conclude for a more subtle definition of history as an unending dialog between the present and the past.4 No wonder, Whitney says that history is facilitated by the formation of a true discourse of past5 through the production of narrative and analysis of past events relating to the human race. History is the analysis and commentary of the human past that enables us to study continuity and change over time. It is an act of both investigation and imagination that seeks to explain how people soak up changed over time. Historians use all forms of evidence to examine, interpret, revisit, and reinterpret the past. These include not just written documents, but excessively oral communication and objects such as buildings, artefacts, photographs, and paintings.Historians are trained in the methods of discovering and evaluating these sources, and the challenging task of reservation historical sense out of them, that is to say they are aesthetically free-handed in their approach to events. According to Encarta electronic dictionary, history is a chronological account of past events, it is the branch of knowledge that records and analyses past events6. More so, encyclopaedia Britannica defines history as the discipline that studies the chronological record of events (as affecting a nation or people), based on a fine tryout of source materials and usually presenting an explanation of their causes7. Understanding why historic events took place is important. To do this, historians often turn to geography. Weather patterns, the water supply, and the landscape of a place all affect the lives of the people wholive there. For example, to explain why the ancient Egyptians developed a successful civilization, studying the geography of Egypt is essential. At this juncture, it is paramount to say that the writing of history, especially the writing of history based on the critical examination of sources, the selection of particular details from the authentic materials in those sources, and the synthesis of those details into a narrative that stands the test of critical examination is known as Historiography.3.0 WHY THEN DO mountain STUDY story?From my own personal observation, it does occur to me that people research the field of history for myriads of reasons which are History is a means to take care the past and present. The incompatible interpretations of the past allow us to see the present diametricly and therefore imagine and work to struggleds the future. Through the study of history we can investigate and interpret why society developed as it has and determine what turns have affected the past and present and shape the future. It helps peerless to understand the immense complexity of our world and provides insights to help cope with the problems and possibilities of the present and future. History withal provides a sense of identity to understand the joint past that has made us what we are today. The way in which people identify and interact with matchless another is by and large a consequence of history, which shapes and conditions individuals and societies whether they fully understand it or not, relationship between different pagan groups in Nigeria can testify clearly to this.History is also a bridge to oth er disciplines. In order to understand the other humanities and sciences one needs a historical overview. Writers, artists, scientists, politicians, philosophers etc. are all conditioned by the historical milieu in which they lived. historic knowledge is a prerequisite for understanding the world in which we live. History is magister vitae, teacher of life. History prepares us to live more humanely in the present and to meet the challenges of the future because it provides us with understanding of the human condition. scorn these reasons why people study history, it becomes disheartening to see that these reasons do not readily translate into practice considering what is on ground in theworld. Hence, one can say without any fear of equivocation or equivocalness that history teaches us that history teaches secret code. To explicate this standpoint further, I would like to eviscerate in a jiffy the essential factors to be considered in history, from there I would showcase why histo ry teaches us that history teaches nothing.3.1 ESSENTIAL FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED WHY STUDYING HISTORYThese are Persons, ( personal element ), Time element, Event, Place, Circumstance, Peoples reaction or Effects, Post Reactions and the Lessons. It is from the standpoint of lessons meant to be check overt from history that I would defend the assertion that history teaches us that history teaches nothing.4.0 HISTORY TEACHES US THAT HISTORY TEACHES NOTHING USING NIGERIA AS A CASE STUDY. Having explained the concept of history and why we study history, the problems that stare us at face are how has the knowledge of the past positively influenced the present day society? To what intent is the history affecting the lives of people? Why is it that people, nations, continents etc. repeat the said(prenominal) mistake of the past? Does it mean that history has no positive influence on human development or that people have blatantly refused to learn from history? No wonder the prestigious German Philosopher, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel in his lectures on the philosophy of history said What experience and history teaches us is that people and presidencys have never learned anything from history, or acted on principles deduced from it We learn from history that we do not learn from history Hence History teaches that history teaches us nothing. If we go on to cast a look at the fate of the world historical personalities we shall find it to have been no golden one.They attained no calm enjoyment their whole nature was dig up and trouble their whole nature was nothing but their masters passion. When their object is attained they fall off like empty hulls from the shopping centre To expatiate on this assertion that history teaches us that history teaches nothing, I would like to use Nigeria as a case study because I am more familiar with Nigerian history. Before delving into this intellectual discuss, I would like to posit certain questions What is the percentage of Nigerians that are productively active? How many of them canpay their bills? Education is one factor that can lift the fortunes of a nation overnight as it is today, what is the percentage of the universe that attain school till tertiary institution? What percentage of the population can afford the fees for their education?What has the government through with(p) to entrenched superstar rather than ethnicity? Why has the government being uneffective to address these sound off issues? The most suitable answer to these interrogatives is that the government has failed to learn from history. In fact, the history of Nigeria has taught nothing to the government of this country considering what is on ground. The blame is mostly shifted to the government because as Achebe wrote in his book, The Trouble with Nigeria, the problem of Nigeria is that of leadership. Let me succinctly delineate and expatiate on this assertion that history teaches us that history teaches nothing with some maj or events that have taken place in Nigeria.To be more precise, I hold the opinion that we have been stagnant in a lot of ways, we have degenerated in so many more ways while very short, if any progress, has been made in our border district to meaningful nationhood. A key reason for our lacklustre performance at nation-building as Soyinka prescribes in the Dance of the Forest is the failure to draw lessons from the past at every turn in our history. That is an enterprise in which Nigeria still fails woefully.Hear what I read in one of the National Dailies that knob Obafemi Awolowo, one of the active participants in the move towards independence, said in a speech he delivered on the floor of the House of Representatives in Lagos on March 31, 1953 It has been customary for our friends from the North to threaten the rest of Nigeria with secession if this is done or if that is not done We find the northern majority is not only being used (by the colonialists, I presume) in having their way, but it is also being used in preventing the minority from having their say Such was the suspense and distrust that existed amongst major ethnic issueities in the country at the science of independence. This suspicion eventually led to many coups like that of 15th January 1966 Nigeria major(ip) Kaduna Nzeogwu which led to the death of many including Alhaji Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, the then prime minister, 29th July 1966, a bloody coup led by Col. Yakubu Gowon, whichclaimed the life of study cosmopolitan JTU Aguyi Ironsi and many others, 29th July 1975, by General Murtala Mohammed against General Yakubu Gowon and was successful, 13th February 1976, by Col. Dinka which resulted to the death of the then Head of State, General Murtala Mohammed, 31st December 1983, by Major General Ibrahim B. Buhari against Alhaji Shehu Shagari took place and was successful, 27th August 1985, by Major General Ibrahim B. Babangida against General Buhari. This suspicion also led to the civil war i n which millions of lives were garbled. Now, has Nigeria learnt anything from these? I think, NO.This is because, fifty three years old, national integration is still abysmal in Nigeria. There are communicatory missiles across the country by individuals who desire to conjure up the interest of their ethnic groups, all of them fanning the embers of strife and war. Ethnic militias exist in almost different parts of the country threatening the lives and existence of those who do not treat their ethnic or religious pedigree. Many Nigerians especially Southerners have lost their lives due to Boko Haram insurgency. This was a kind of situation which made Ojukwu to declare the majority rule of Biafra due the massacre of the Igbos in the North. This declaration later led to civil war. We have even seen the deportation of hapless Nigerians from one state to the other and the attendant emotional outbursts that followed it. In fact, Nigeria has failed woefully to learn from history becaus e the lessons of history are never applied to better the life of her citizenry. At the moment, septet governors elected on the platform of the Peoples Democratic ships company (PDP) are on do or die mission to get a politician of northern extraction into the office of president come 2015.To them, it does not matter that the north had held that position for 37 out of Nigerias 53 years of independence, and that the region in particular and the nation in general, has nothing to show for it, all they are interested in is that the future(a) President is from the North. To drive home the urgency of their desire, some of their supporters have very threaten that Nigeria would be history if this pet project failed. Are these politicians unable to learn from history that born to rule mentality is a cankerworm that has threatened the fabrics of nationhood? Legendary writer, Chinua Achebe in his celebrated book, The Trouble with Nigeria once said hardly whereas tribalism might winenough v otes to install a reactionary jingoist in a tribal ghetto, the cult of mediocrity will put down the wheels of modernisation grinding to a halt throughout the land That is the state of affairs in Nigeria currently. It is as great(p) as for past and present leaders in the country to brazenly tell the world that Nigerias major challenge is the lack of honest and dedicated leadership even as none of them has the nobility to plead guilty of the charge. This plague of bad leadership accounts for the frustrating level of ineptitude that we have in all areas of our national life. It seems to me that a cloud of cluelessness has descended on Nigeria over the years.Corruption in particular is one vice in which Nigeria has grown in leaps and boundary over the years. If there were pockets of corrupt practices in the country at the skill of independence, Nigeria has within the last 53 years grown corruption to the finish that it has literarily acquired a life of its own. This has almost bro ught the nation to its knees with the resultant collapse of the mettle class and the gap between the rich and the poor widening by the day. This means that Nigerian leaders in all sectors of life have failed to learn from history that corruptive practices retard the development of a nation and the excessive gap between the rich and poor can string the poor people to start a revolt against the rich.More still, culture which was the mainstay of the countrys economy up until the end of the initial Republic has taken the back burner no thanks to the seeming ease with which petro-dollars have come to us since the oil boom in the 1970s. As Nigerias oil prospect increased, political leaders found more money to siphon or launder even as they look out over to sustain the structures which made life meaningful for the citizenry. Today, life is almost unacceptable for the average Nigerian. Nigerian leaders seem to forget that it was this kind of zephyr that ushered in the French revoluti on. Nigeria has not learnt from history. Hence, from this exposition of Nigerian experience, I continue to maintain that history teaches us that history teaches nothing because people have failed to learn from the lessons of history.5.0 EVALUATION AND CONCLUSIONSome may tend to argue that defending the idea that history teaches us that history teaches nothing is already affirming that history teaches somethingbecause being aware that history teaches nothing is already attainment something from history. Remember, the premise of my argument is that history teaches us that history teaches nothing, put in another way we learn from history that we do not learn from history. This points to the fact that people and nations have failed woefully to apply the lessons of history to promote human well-fare. Thus, Hegel is right when he maintained that we learn very little from history in a global sense. Therefore, history teaches us nothing if we fail to observe the past, ask appropriate questi ons and learn from the lessons of history.BIBLIOGRAPHY1 Carr, Edward H. (1961). What is History? p.1082 Evans, Richard J. The Two Faces of E.H. Carr. History In Focus. An article published by Palgrave, 2001.3 Marwick, Arthur The Nature of History The MacMillian Press LTD. pg. 169, 1970.4 Professor Arthur Marwick in his article titled The Fundamentals of History In E. H. Carrs What Is History?5 Whitney, W. D. The cytosine dictionary an encyclopaedic lexicon of English language. New York The Century Co, 1889.6 Encarta Microsoft Electronic Dictionary 2010 edition7 Encyclopdia Britannica Ultimate graphic symbol Suite. Chicago Encyclopdia Britannica, 2011.8 Hegels Lectures on Philosophy of History which was assessed online on the 3rd of November, 2013.9 Achebe, Chinua. The Trouble with Nigeria, Enugu FourthDimension Publishing. Co. Ltd.Reprinted 1998. Print.

Honda vs Toyota Essay

The Honda Company was founded by Soichiro Honda . Soichiro Honda was a racer, a businessman, and a manufacturingr. But most of all he was a dreamer. He ideate of a better way of making piston rings, founded a subtle company, and began deed. He dreamed of giving people everywhere an economical puzzle out of transportation, and began producing small motorcycles, including one built in 1949 called the D-Type Dream. Soichiro Honda started Honda Motor Company in 1948, at the age of 41.Honda of America Mfg. has been committed to building character products for their customers and quality communities where their associates live and work. Their Fundamental Beliefs are Respect for the Individual and The Three Joys. The triad joys are Joy of Buying, The Joy of Selling and The Joy of Creatingwhich express Hondas belief and desire that each person working in, or orgasm into contact with the company, directly or through or products, should share a sense of joy through that experience.Hon das company convention is Maintaining a global viewpoint, we are dedicated to supplying products of the highest quality, yet at a apt price, for worldwide customer satisfaction. Honda Management Policies are Proceed always with dreaming and youthfulness, Respect vowelize theory, develop fresh ideas and make the most sound use of time. Also Enjoy your work, and encourage dissonant communications, Strive eer for a harmonious flow of work, Be ever mindful of the apprize of research and endeavor. Honda follows a philosophy they call The Racing Spirit.This philosophy is summarized by Seek the Challenge, Being ready on Time, Teamwork, Quick Response, and succeeder Takes All. Honda seeks to minimize gas throughout the entire manufacturing process. This starts with designing production processes, split logistics, energy management systems and other operations in ways to stiffen their impact on the environment. Improving the energy efficiency of Honda factories is the single b iggest accent to reduce the environmental impact of its manufacturing operations. As a result, Honda plants are leadership in reducing CO2and other greenhouse gases.Honda views solid waste generated in their factories as the inefficient use of raw materials. From this perspective, Honda has established a waste management hierarchy at its manufacturing operations with the ideal of producing no downstream waste. The Toyoda Automatic Loom company was founded by Sakichi Toyoda, a rich inventor, based on his groundbreaking designs. Toyota has a Production System which is steeped in the philosophy of the complete elimination of all waste imbuing all aspects of production in pursuit of the most efficient methods.Toyota Motor Corporations vehicle production system is a way of making things that is sometimes referred to as a lean manufacturing system or a Just-in-Time system, and has make it to be well known and studied worldwide. This production control system has been established based on many years of continuous overtures. found on the basic philosophies of jidoka and Just-in-Time, the TPS can efficiently and quickly produce vehicles of sound quality, one at a time, that fully satisfy customer requirements.The conception of jidoka is Highlighting or visualization of problems which is basically the idea that quality mustiness be built in during the manufacturing process. The Just-In-Time concept is basically productivity improvement which means making only what is needed, when it is needed, and in the amount needed. Toyota has seven direct principles. The first principle is honor the language and spirit of the law of every nation and undertakes open and fair business activities to be a exhaustively in unifiedd citizen of the world.The second principle is respect the culture and customs of every nation and contribute to economic and tender development through corporate activities in their respective communities. The third principle is Dedicate our business to providing swell and safe products and to enhancing the quality of life everywhere through all of our activities. the by principle is Create and develop advanced technologies and provide outstanding products and service that fulfill the needs of customers worldwide.The fifth principle is Foster a corporate culture that enhances both individual creativity and the value of teamwork, while reward mutual trust and respect between labor and management. The sixth principle is pursue growth through harmony with the global community via modern management. The last principle is Work with business partners in research and manufacture to achieve stable, long-term growth and mutual benefits, while keeping ourselves open to new partnerships. Toyotas has for Action Guidelines. The first guideline is take on the scrap of achieving zero emissions at all stages.The second guideline is Business partners are partners in creating a better environment, Cooperate with associated companies. The th ird guideline is As a member of society actively participate in social actions. The last guideline is toward better understanding actively disclose selective information and promote environmental awareness. The four basic policies are contribution toward a prosperous 21st century society, pursue all possible environmental technologies, develop a voluntary improvement plan, and build close and cooperative relationships with a wide spectrum of individuals and organizations

The Humane Conditions of the United States’ Japanese Internment Camps

In response to the attack on off-white Harbor, Canadian and American governments took extreme actions to prevent possible Nipponese attacks, low gear and foremost are the poundage campsites. Japanese internment camps housed Japanese US and non-US citizens from 1942-1945. The economical and social factors surrounding the camps were unprecedented. The United States managed the affair with roughlywhat of a dignified perspective time Canada on the different hand full implemented dispossession, discrimination, only if ignored a redress of any sort. In contrast to the United States, Canada completely exploited the Japaneses economic resources.Shortly forwards their evacuation to the camps the to-be-interned Japanese would quickly sell some or tout ensemble of their personal possessions whether to the government or other white civilian buyers. low the War Measures Act of 1943, the Japanese were required to turn over taxes for either interchange item which would later be auc tioned their land and other properties, if not sold, were this instant confiscated. Later, the property was resold to white Canadians and never returned. Dispossession of Canadian citizens, was contrary to British principles of justice and to the Atlantic Charter, announced Dr.Henry F. Angus, in opposition to Japanese internment. He demonstrates that even then were there individuals that recognized the unjustness of the camps. The taxes same were used for the payment of government employees and also to fund the internment camps and pay businessmen who took over maritime industries normally monopolized by Japanese. The United States was trusty for confiscating some private properties, exclusively not nearly the amount of which Canada was responsible. The Canadians took economic advantage of the camps to their fullest extent.In Canada the social conditions of the Japanese internment camps were different from the Unites States camps which had the necessities such(prenominal) as foo d, shelter, and piss. The ten Japanese internment camps in the United States were all-time to the intolerable conditions in which Japanese Canadians were forced to live. Japanese Americans had facilities such as mess halls, bath houses, laundry buildings and recreational areas on the primacies. The detainees could specialize and conglutination the work force to support themselves and spend their wages in the camp store. Children attended school and most families attended church on Sundays.Restrictions to which they had to prevail included leaving the premises, criminal activities, worship of the state Shinto, food and water rations, and others. Canadian camps provided extremely limited resources to the interned, sometimes providing only 10 toilets for 1,500 women, while shortages of food were common. As sickness spread so did a curse of both American and Canadian Caucasian citizens whether they were responsible or not for the Japaneses incarceration. Approximately 60 years late r, the US felt up a moral obligation to redress about 550 Japanese citizens that were associated with internment camps.About 12 million US dollars were distributed to the few remaining victimised families. This is embarrassing and tragic at the very least, admitting our injustice publically. However they took righteousness for their actions which explains how Japanese immersion and social acceptance in Americas society developed Americans humility and honor. Through such compensation of moneys and in some cases property Americans regained the faith of the Japanese to some degree. Canada on the other hand showed very little mercy to the delicate minority and interned every Japanese immigrant.Families were torn apart without hesitation, separating husbands from wives and children from mothers, leaving families with absolutely nothing but bitterness and sour remorse after being subjects to the governments lethal power. Prior to installing the Japanese internment camps Canada and Ame rica were immersed in a state of fear after the attack on drop curtain Harbor. The two regions had agreed to inform the other of changes in policies within the internment camps when they were built. One country fed off the other, trying to find some justification for their dreadful treatment of the interned Japanese.As the United States confiscated land Canada divest boats for economic profit while the standard of living in American internment camps was low, the Canadians took it one step further, providing them with little supplies and a socially moth-eaten shoulder. The United States maintained the Japanese internment camps better than the Canadians, providing them with scarce necessities but humane conditions. Works Cited Challenge to Democracy, A (1944). U. S. War Relocation Authority. work on 3rd, 2010 http//www. archive. org/details/Challeng1944 The Politics of Racism . Ann Sunahara. March 3rd, 2010 http//www. japanesecanadianhistory. ca/

Is Hamlet a man of inaction? Essay

man are creatures of habit, we get into a daily r come inine, and over time, learning from familiarity our mind equips itself to dealing with certain business offices that we encounter on a unbroken basis, when this routine is broken by an unexpected event our minds can be inadequately equipped to deal with this be realize you can entirely learn from tenet or flummox.When a lightening bolt strikes out of the blue a death of a loved one or such we now cod things from another perspective, something like this can make us verify things in a safe and sound different light, things that you once thought you were positive(predicate) of can take on a whole new brass and cause us to wonder how we were al tracks so stupid to see what whitethorn now appear blatantly obvious. This may be for the fracture or for the worse but in any case it lead almost certainly cause a turnaround in how we may see things in the future, this is what makes us human, are ability to learn from experien ce and put it into practice to hopefully avoid a similar situation ever befalling us again.A personal tragedy will patently affect every person differently, it all depends on how many parallel situations we have encountered out front, how much we expected it and how much we are willing to behave that bad things happen and move on.For any student a focus analyze at university in a foreign country to be recalled out of the blue for such a matter as the death of their ostensibly healthy father, who has apparently lost his life in such an unceremonious way as being bitten by a snake opus asleep would be a devastating experience. Even in a modern day human something of this nature has enough potential to cause someone so much distress and confusion that it can be stimulatedlydestroying. Now put yourself in hamlets situation you are a seventeenth century prince, a scholar based in a sheltered world, a world where you are oblivious to the fact that muckle lie, that pile can be two verbal expressiond and it is unbeknown to you that people are selfish and will put there needs before yours and others and will push as many people out of the way as they have to, to get what they want.None of these are things that would ever be part of his thought pattern, this other world he has neer seen it never heard of it, for him his world is the world of a prince, a place where no-one would ever make a remark nigh you to your face or to anyone that may have the ability to let you know approximately it, a world with servants and sycophants where your wish is everyone elses command, a world where the most emotionally straiten thing you are likely to encounter is that maybe your best tunic has not been properly pressed for you by your legion of servants.You can already see even before his discovery of his mothers marriage to his uncle and the appearance ofhis fathers ghost, that, for a person so uninformed of real emotional issues as Hamlet, that this would rest wa ste to all his current feelings and desires, leaving him with nothing on which to flummox to support him through this time of hardship and solitude. This is why Hamlet is the utter(a) lead for Shakespeares tragedy, here he is saying what if? what if someone so unprepared as hamlet was to have to face something like this?Would the fibres of his whole human existence hold up to what he is about to face? He is forcing a collision between two different ends a scale, not even the same scale, he is submitting a characters (albeit fictional) mind and emotions to the caprice of his most unimaginably ill fated predicament.You can understand that when he makes his first appearance speaking to Claudius and his mother, he has a tangible genius of bitterness towards them, specially when they speak to him in such a way that you would think it not uncommon for a woman to marry her deceased husbands blood brother within only two months of him passing. They enquire why he still is in his mou rning dress, and think it inappropriate for him to still be actively grieving as death is common. They do not seem able to accept that they have had time to mourn, and that to him his fathers memory is fresh in his mind and that he is still besotted with trouble not only about the death of his father, but even more so about their marriage. Claudius denounces him as showing lack of respect to their marriage and that tis unmanly brokenheartedness (act I scene II line 94 pg 13 OUP) he also lets Hamlet know that it is most retrograde of their desire for him to wages to university at Wittenburg.For young Hamlet of course the memory is still green, and he has the added emotional trauma of seeing his mother wedded to his dead uncles brother and we get a strong tone of insensitivity from both of them, especially Claudius, you can imagine that hamlet, after just finding out about their marriage would be in a very fragile emotional state and their lack of consideration of his feelings can only be do him question him trust for anyone and pushing him further away from them, and driving his grief deeper inside him causing him to suppress his anger after not being able to relate this to them.

Ethos, Logos and Pathos in Julius Caesar

Ethos, countersign and pathos are three impression tools employ by Shakespeare in Mark Antonys funeral oration over Caesars body. Ethos is appeal ground on the character of the speaker, Logos is appeal based on logical system or reason and Pathos is appeal based on emotion. Antony uses these elements to go the Roman crowd against the conspirators with a highly convincing dialect. These three persuasion tools and structure and diction are the primeval elements of the effectiveness of Mark Antonys famous speech.The most convincing use of ethos in Antonys speech is in the first line of the speech Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears This shows that Mark Antony is arduous to get in to the Roman crowds hearts with his condition as a trustworthy man. He uses rhetorical irony throughout the speech constantly questioning the ethos of Brutus. Brutus uses ethos heavily in his speech, he was considered very(prenominal) honourable a by the Romans, and basically anything tha t came out of his mouth had to be correct.Mark Antony targets the questionable character of Brutus several times saying And Brutus is an honourable man. Antony whence sums his speech up by using I speak non to disprove what Brutus spoke. This line once again outlines the irony used by Antony and this is where the trustworthy character of Mark Antony persuades the crowd to turn on the crowd, without Antony rattling saying that what the conspirators did was the wrong thing. Logos can be facts that are used to persuade someone.Mark Antony uses a lot of facts throughout the course of his speech. One of the key facts in his initial speech is When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept. To use this is very logical by Mark Antony since most of the people that he is nerve-racking to persuade arent the richest bunch of folk in Rome. So when he uses poor as the type of people that Caesar cried for, the crowd thinks that it is wrong to savagely murder someone who cared so much for them that

How Useful Is It as Evidence for an Historian Studying

To an historian studying the outbreak of the Kappa Putsch this Is a useful component to take Into consideration this source shows us the troubles of Ger many an(prenominal), to the highest degree the factors, which lead stack to have an uprising. It is under rackable when reading an extract that they had to act out, as they were soupcon betrayed and angry at Germany. We can see that they the nation was feeling this steering, as in the extract it is quoted that, The Reich and the nation are in grave danger. Moreover, throng are only dimly aware of the approaching disaster.Prices are scroll unchecked. Hardship Is gro locomote. Starvation threatens. I know that Because of the demonstrable of the armed forces, thither were nearly 200 paramilitary units around Germany by 1919. In 1920, intimately 12,000 members of the Fireworks marched on Berlin and seized the main buildings of the great(p) virtu altogethery unop constitute, w here they installed a rude(a) organization. The Ge rman troops did not provide any resistance to this Putsch. In injure of requests from Bert to put d have the rebellious forces, the army was not prepared to stick involved with either side.We can see that the people lost religion In the government as With terrible speed, we are approaching the discern collapse of the state and of law and order. And The present government is incapable of overcoming the danger. This was the energy mint which made the people get involved, they now know without their comment Germany as they know it will only get worse. However, in this new government, strikes were banned but the people carried on as their beliefs and motives suppressed the at hand and the opportunity must be grasped.There is no other route but a government of action, the new government will ruthlessly suppress strikes and sabotage. Moreover striking is treason to the nation and the Fatherland. back up these points I have made. It is useful to know that even though the prices were meridian that Everyone should go peacefully about his work. Everyone willing to work is assured of our strong protection people stood up for what they believed in and strike regardless of this point.Overall, I believe this is a very useful source for a historian studying the outbreak of the Kappa Putsch of 1920, due to the use of literacy devices used it shows the way in which the German politicians presented their ideas and how they shared their opinions on this topic. (b) Using all the sources, and your own acquaintance, assess to what accomplishment the Kappa Putsch and other semi governmental uprisings represented the great threat to the whimper Republic in the period 1919-1923. 5 Taking all of the sources into consideration, it is useful as we get a left wing response, a unspoilt wing response and an impartial response with the benefit of hindsight, whence we can get a moderate opinion of the situation. From my own knowledge in the early years of the cry Republic , thither were many political threats from left and right towards the new Government. The Separatists had extreme left wing political views (Communist) this group split from the SSP in frustration and anger at the Spuds mathematical function within the Government.The leaders of this Communist Party were Karl Libertines and Rosa Luxemburg. On January maiden 1919, the members of the Separatists movement rose up in an attempted revolution. The groups leaders ab initio made this move. The new Government acted promptly and were certainly not stymied with their actions to have this revolution to an end, As the two main leaders were killed whilst in guard custody, The fret-corps (a paramilitary group consisting of former Servicemen) broke down this revolution with force.This retail store is acknowledged in source c The Whimper Republic face its first threat, the communist-inspired Separatists rising. Another well known historian to back my points up is Broacher who states Contends that the occasion fear of revolution from the left by the early Whimper government, led to their overlooking the much more(prenominal) likely threat posed by the right. We can SE that the Kappa coup detat was the first attempt from the right wing immoderates, to take control of the constitutional government. (They did this because they favored the restoration of approximately somewhat authoritarian, dictatorial administration).The Kappa Putsch was led by Wolfgang Kappa The right wing immoderates wanted the army to regain its numbers of men in a dictatorial regime. This was not possible because in the signed treaty of Versailles there was an agreement that the army must be cut and no more people could Join the army. The shells occurred as followed 1920 about 12,000 members of the Fret-corps (in support of the Kappa putsch) marched to Berlin this is where they seized the main buildings of the cracking with ease and no force was set up against them in these buildings was where they installed a new government.The German army did not it he told the German army to put down the rebellious forces, the army was not prepared to require involved with either side. This is as well as due to the support it had from the army as many significant officers chose to support it the army-followed suit (General Ludwig and General Oldenburg. Ludwig had major affair and he orchestrated an uprising in Berlin on March 13th. troops troops were sympathetic to the uprising, they took control of Berlin, and Ludwig proclaimed right wing government.The putsch soon ended because SSP members of the government had called for a general strike, which soon paralyses the capital and quickly spread to the rest of the artless. (The morale within Germany is strong here as they stuck together o end what was wrong Kappa Putsch) The rebels had miniscule support in Berlin and in Germany elsewhere. It soon became clear that the army couldnt of been taken for granted, there was no universal support for the Whimper government also the government had limited means of dealings with uprisings of this nature and politicians were not inevitably safe in Berlin this shows a near end to the Kappa Putsch.After four eld of this political uprising and after putting Berlin on a stand still, with no/little support it was clear that Wolfgang Kappa and his government gained no genuinely authority and they fled the city. There is evidence of this in sources b and c A military putsch has started. The mercenaries, who were afraid that their Fireworks regiments would be disbanded, have attempted to deprave the Republic and establish a dictatorial government with Kappa and General von Ltwits at its head. And in 1920, came a second attempt to overthrow the Republic, this prison term by the right wing Kappa Putsch. It is stated in source C that A brief period of relative calm followed, only to be disrupted in 1923 by hyperinflation that threatened economic chaos and undermined the go vernments reputation. The Communists were cautious during the mass protests of 1923 and acted too late in the German October of 1923 this is a forged threat to Germany two politically and economically as well as destroying even more of the remaining morale. The hyperinflation crisis increased support for the more extremist parties such as the Nazis would use the hyperinflation crisis to portray their beliefs on how a country should be run.This was very threatening towards the Whimper republic/government propaganda against the government damaged it and lost supporters. The next political uprising to occur was the Munich putsch, which took bum from 8-9 November 1923. As the economy floundered and the government struggled to cope with the turmoil, a group of upright Wing politicians in Bavaria be after to take this opportunity to overthrow the government. This event is iconic as it was the first event that Hitler is introduced. However, The Nazis were far too weakened on their o wn to stage any kind of political takeover.It was the request for allies, which led Hitler into negotiations with the right wing Government leaders Kara, Kisser and Lows who had planned this uprising to commence. The Munich Putsch took place from 8-9 November 1923. Reasons behind their rebellious behavior were the evolution crisis in Germany in 1923. Due to the Franco-Belgian occupation of the Rue as they took recompense in kind, passive resistance, hyperinflation and The German October, Kara and Lows blamed most the republican regime with a March on Berlin from Munich.They lacked faith in this political impede/ uprising and therefore, they decided to abandon the plan but Hitler wanted to depart with the Nazis they took control of a large rally, which Kara was addressing in one of Eunuchs beer halls and declared a national revolution. Under pressure from the Nazis and Hitler Kara and Lows appeared to co-operate, but General Sect, the chief of the Army Command who was suspicious of Hitler, used his powers to command the armed forces to resist the putsch.The jurisprudence were notified and the police and a gun battle followed informed the army about this uprising on the day of the putsch the Nazis marched on but were met. In this putsch inn this putsch 16 Nazi supporters were killed and the uprising was comfortably suppressed. Most of the Nazi leadership were arrested and then put on struggle for reason leading sympathizers including General Ultrasound was also arrested. The consequences of the Munich putsch were credibly of the more significance than the uprising its self.At Hitters trial, he was given special interference as was allowed to make long speeches to explain his reasons. Hitler is well known for many terrible things but I believe the most dangerous is his talking skill Hitler has an orator characteristic therefore, he can easily allure people. This skill transformed him from a little known politician into a champion of the right wing. This is mentioned in source c. Finally, in November 1923, came another rightist assault, the Munich Putsch led by Doll Hitler.The Whimper Republic survived because the extremist forces of both Left and Right failed to attract much support and were both divided and disorganized. Using all the sources, and my own knowledge, I have assessed to what extent the Kappa Putsch and other political uprisings represented the greatest threat to the Whimper Republic in the period 1919-1923, it is clear to see that this was not the silk hat time for the Whimper Republic as they faced a propagate of opposition from the angered and betrayed Germans

Influencing Other’s Behavior and Its Impact Essay

As an several(prenominal)(a), we have the qualification to affect others manner, characters and attitudes. in fact, what we did to twist othetfr has the more(prenominal) impoact thyan what an anidicidual do it to himself. However, the power to persuade depends upon on what kind of persuasion we did and how the manipulation takes place. As an individual, we have then eytnmdecy to believe hwat opthewrs said and what others do towards us. Actually, it is more apt(predicate) to believe others mood. Influencing others thohuhts and actions msut be continually improve his percept and quality towards quality and productivity (Seminar Information Service, 2007).However, how could we do this and what is the inpact of persuading our thought s and isea upon others? II. Influencing opposites Thgoughts and behavior Communication with a person is angiotensin-converting enzyme of the major restore on how to persuade others upon your ideas and belkifs. Constant communication will work a s trong confidence and will mark trust and support when you ar arguing or discussing something with him. It is also a federal agency to get his perplexity ans support when you be in the midst of conversation with him.In fact, inidivucdual and group victory towards others mainly depends on the ability on how to enunciate woth others. The process on how a person cvommunicatye wotu pthers strogly influence others perception on you. If you have the capability and skills in persuading others ideas to your own by appearance of hale-built communicatiuon, you have also the powers to be understood and the influence to be inculcated toerda others. The communication skills are the key on how to exploit individual and even group likely and beliefs.Indeed, individual and group success mainly rooted from their ability to re-sentencing words clearly and with persuasion. Explore and examine another persons way of communication stryle in ordewr to adapt the implication and delivery and idea to the approach of that person. Well-defined relationship asshole sway others actions and judgments. However, how could a person buiuld strong relationship without the ability to communicate well? Building good relationds comes from building good communication skills. As constaent communicatiuon build authority, good relkationship also build power to plead ones case.However, before entering to the relationship, it is important to underdtanr anf analyze forst ones appearance of communication and relationship towdrs opther. The skill to analyze them will improve ones way and strategy on how to relate woith them. The dynamica of the communicationa and rekationships of others pave the way on how to approach them in suach a way that they could handle our means of camaraderie amd acquaintance. The analysisi and defining our approach and goals and identifying the most effecvtove methopd will emphatically influcnec positively anothers behavior and their way of perception.In terms of psych ological approach, assess and analyuze how the style natuarally encourage others type of relationship. Plan an influence strategy, and use an examined and analyzed techniques for standstill and rapport. There are studies conducted shoews that unity has a strong influence towards individual. It increases conformity towards individual. The deegeree of comfomiryt is basewd on the levels of sympathty being shown and felt for that person (GERHART, 2006). There are more well-known studies in social psychology that demonstrate various influences on conformity.Conformity is defined as a change in behavior, belief, or opinion so that the change is more congruent, or agreeable, with an influential individual or group. Among these influences are group pressure, guilt, and authority (Kiesler & Kiesler, 1969). Research has also indicated that these influences earn much more power on conformity than originally preconceived. They stinker potentially become very powerful tools for subtle, hum an manipulation when apply correctly. Due to this, it is very surprising that no direct research on the influence of savvy on conformity exists.Sympathy is defined feelings of wo or associate for another person (not to be confused with empathy). Although no solid, empirical evidence for the influence of understanding on conformity exists, it is a great deal used effectively. Many strategies for donation collection aim at get other passel to conform to the belief that money is needed, and sympathy is typically used as a marketing tool. peck in occasional situations also, either intentionally or unintentionally, elicit sympathy in others so that they may conform to their beliefs or comply with their requests.For example, Perina (2002) found that college students admit that 70 percent of their excuses for missed assignments are lies. A vast majority of these lies concern health problems and deceased relatives, which is likely to elicit sympathy in the professor. another(preno minal) example of the influence of sympathy on conformity is the Christian religion. The news states that God gave His plainly Son, Jesus, so that no one else would have to suffer. People could sympathize with this, which would influence their conformity to the religion.Yet even with these powerful implications, no direct research can be found on this equiprobable relationship. There does exist, however, some research where sympathy is applicable. Many psychologists and philosophers have suggested that sympathy mediates altruistic behavior (Eisenberg & Strayer, 1987 Wispe, 1991). Altruism is defined as intentional, voluntary behavior the benefits another and is not performed with the expectation of receiving external rewards or avoiding external punishment. wedded this definition, conformity could be labeled as a subcategory of selflessness.In many cases, people intentionally conform to the beliefs of others with no intent other than to please, or benefit, them. More recently, Eisenberg, Zhou, and Koller (2001) reported findings of sympathy predicting prosocial behavior. The only difference between altruism and prosocial behavior, by definition, is that prosocial behavior lacks a specified motive (Eisenberg & Strayer, 1987). Again, conformity can be identified as a subcategory of prosocial behavior, which is closely related to altruism. Other research can be interpreted as sympathy being a confounding variable, influencing conformity.Studies of guilt on conformity (Freedman, Wallington, & Bless, 1967) suggest that when participants throw guilt, they are much more likely to comply. Guilt is defined as feelings of responsibility for offensive actions. In their research, participants were induced to perform a forbid behavior (e. g. , knocking over a thousand ordered notice cards) at the expense of the perceived researcher, subsequently producing guilt. It could be argued, however, that the negative behaviors only if are likely to elicit sympathy, which i n turn, could influence conformity to requests.Basically, the experimenters exposure to negative behaviors, regardless of the person responsible, could elicit sympathy and influence the participants conformity. This could have been controlled for had there been a group where confederates, followed by measurement of participant conformity, performed the negative behaviors. Therefore, sympathy is potentially applicable to this research. The finding of this study is to examine the direct influence of sympathy on conformity. It is predicted that sympathy will promote the onset of conformity with the assumption that participants will only conform to the sympathized person.It is also predicted that women will display higher conformity, because they are more likely to be influenced by sympathy (Bond & Smith, 1996 Ickes, 1997). It is hypothesized that people experiencing sympathy for an individual are more likely to conform to that individuals opinions than people of the general population . GERHART, A. D. (2006) THE INFLUENCE OF SYMPATHY ON CONFORMITY. SEMINAR INFORMATION SERVICE, I. (2007) Communicating with figure out Building Successful Interpersonal & Team Communication.

Miller further Essay

moth miller further continues the feeling of contempt towards earth-closet proctor in the following Act through Elizabeth varans despair. Instantly we shag see the tension and strain is the keep an eye on brotherhood as when her husband returns home late after a yearn twenty-four hours set in the fields, Elizabeth is intensely suspicious of him. This tension is fortify when the couple sit down for dinner as she characters a wicked t unitary with him and he secretly insults her by adding more seasoning to the dope up she has made when she is non in the room, this is a metaphor trying how their wedding party has grown bland and tasteless. This underlying tension between them is doubtless caused by observes action with Abigail.When Elizabeth informs him that bloody shame Warren, their servant, had been in move that day as an dis focussingicial of the witchery trials, follow tells her how he k directlys the witchery accusations be all false as Abby told him when he was with her last week. Elizabeth is disturbed that the devil were alone together, just now Proctor tells her Ill non halt your question anymore. He shouts at her with a violent undertone to chequer charity, as he has tiptoed around the house for s gloss over months since Abigail left.He tells his wife that he has honestly confessed to his sin and tells her that her justness would freeze beer. This represents him as being an uncaring man as his wife is obviously in distress and we feel sorry for Elizabeth as he is shouting at her and telling her that she is a chilliness char when it is he who has been in the maltreat when he had his affair with Abby. His callous sort makes the au burstnce assume that he leave alone later not be hanged as it is fantasy that he depart not c ar about admitting to witchery, and t hither(predicate)fore sacrifice his family pretend for his life story.However, this act in like manner allows the audience to send-off see how Proctor is not all an evil man through his deep, utter regret, his guilt and his unalterable desire to cleanse himself of his previous sinful activities with Abigail. It is this break down that helps so show Proctor as no longer being wicked, precisely rather as being weak and pitiful. As a result, Miller represents Proctor as humanity, as he is someone who is at the said(prenominal) epoch strong and weak, someone who has made mistakes besides who has the sense to square off from them, therefore becoming a better person.The inevitability of his death therefore starts to show, as his true character is honest. The audience further start to have some second thoughts about Proctors first off nipping hearted appearance in the way that Elizabeth seems to be a cold and demanding woman and Elizabeth herself look ats that her chilly behaviour may have driven her husband to adultery. She is in any case withdrawn and distant, this has gradually concurn her home a silent and unsettled atm osphere, and as she continues to punish her husband for his sin, their marriage be progresss increasingly tenser.The tension continues to variety when Mary Warren then enters, as she informs Proctor and Elizabeth of the many race that have been arrested and how some people will hang. She hands Elizabeth a poppet that she made in court that day, I made a deliver for you today, Goody Proctor and claims that Sarah Osburn sent her spirit out in court to get them, this shows how easily Abby influenced her and the increasing king Abby is getting as the girls are willing to do whatever she orders them to do.Proctor washstand not believe the power Abby seems to have over the girls at court and demands essay of witchcraft from Mary Warren and forbids her to go to court again but she replies that she is stupefied you do not see the weighty work we do but he threatens her with a whip, strangely she does not resist him. This shows how although Proctor can use his strength and power to h is advantage, he can in like manner use it in a negative way. It also illustrates how Abby is gaining increasingly more power as even the girls themselves are starting to believe that there is witchcraft. Mary claims that she saved Elizabeths life today, for she was accused.Elizabeth then realises that Abigail wants to kill her, she wants me dead, John, you turn in it. Proctor underestimates Abby, as he never once thought that she would be as wicked or malicious as to accuse Elizabeth of witchery, as Elizabeth is such(prenominal) a good, honest woman who strongly believes in justice and viscid to moral principles. Elizabeth is a well-respected and dignified woman and to accuse her shows that Abigail must strongly hate her as it was dangerous to accuse such a honourable, god-fearing Christian woman of sinful activities when she has such strong ghostlike beliefs.The religious beliefs of Elizabeth and her husband are later questioned when Hale arrives at their house, I thought sir , to put some questions as to the Christian character of this house. Proctor tries to explain why he works on a Sabbath and has not to been to church as often, he criticises Parris and claims that he spends the churchs notes wasteful. Hale asks why entirely two of Proctors children are baptized and asks him to say the Ten Commandments but he can only remember nine of the ten, Elizabeth instantly knock overs him a sharp and bitter monitor of the tenth, adultery. This is ironic as he broke this commandment when he had his affair with Abby.Proctor obviously knows how foolish he was to be unfaithful and now feels truly guilty, this is shown in his constant desire to forget about his sins, and when Elizabeth reminds him, it is as though a secret arrow had pained his heart. When Proctor tries to tell Hale that witchcraft accusations are not true he does not believe him as he feels that many have confessed to witchcraft. It is here that the hypocrisy of the witchcraft hysteria is expo sed as the only way for people to save themselves from hanging was to admit to witchcraft, this sent the witchcraft trials off in a vicious spiral as people would decidedly confess to witchery and accuse others, if they would be hanged for denying it. This makes the audience consider if Proctor would confess to witchcraft like the majority of the village to save his life as although he has been represented as not being entirely religious by not going to church all the time like the rest of the lodge, he has given good, moral reasons for not attending. approximately of Proctors qualities are also helped to be further uttered in Elizabeths arrest on the charge that her spirit stabbed Abigail with a needle, stuck two inches in the flesh of her belly he drew a needle out. He says that he will not give his wife to vengeance and when Reverend Hale insists that the court is just, Proctor calls him a Pontius Pilate. His deep passion and approve for his wife mounts along with his anger a gainst the charge and how he is willing to fight for what is right and moral is also expressed.This also shows how Proctor misjudged Abigail as is actually more cunning than he first thought, this seems to show how Proctor sees some good in everybody as he thought she was better than that. The poppet shows that Abigail is yet more wicked, it illustrates how she is jealous and overjealous of Elizabeth because John loves her so much and also shows how she is determined, unscrupulous, cold and scheming. In the first act, she behaved just in her own interests she was ready to harm others, but only to save herself. However, in this instance she frames Elizabeth on purpose out of revenge, planting the poppet to murder her.When Elizabeth is taken away, Proctor demands that Mary Warren come to court with him, he uses his intelligence as he knows that he can use Mary to his advantage by making her give evidence against the charges of witchcraft and therefore to prove Elizabeths innocence. H owever, Miller adds irony here as Proctor can rely on one angiotensin-converting enzyme person to save them from Abigails charges but this one person, Mary Warren, is one of the weakest characters in The Crucible. She alone has the power to stop the hysteria of the witchcraft trials, but does not have the strength or will to do it. Mary needs a lot of force from Proctor to even think about coming clean about the lie in court and as Proctor uses one of his qualities, power, as he is demanding her to give evidence against Abby. She sobs I cannot, I cannot but Proctor further expresses his love for his wife as he cries that his wife will not die for him. His morals and principles allow the audience to believe that his death will be inescapable.Act Three continues to defend Proctor by focusing on his good points. He enters the court in a powerful manner, presenting a piece of paper signed by Mary Warren construction that the accusations of witchery are false. This shows how he is a na tural leader but this quality causes friction between him and Parris. This is revealed as Parris takes the evidence from Proctor as an attack on the court, and even as an attack on him, further, it illustrates how Parris is insane and foolish. When Proctor is told that his wife is pregnant by Danforth although Proctor did not know if it is true or not, he tells everyone in the court that Elizabeth never lies so he believes it, this shows that even thought Elizabeth is often cold towards him, he still deeply loves and trusts her.When Abigail starts to pretend that she can feel a sharp cold wind, a wind, a cold wind has come, Proctor calls her a whore and grabs her by the hair, finally admitting that he had an affair with her, he cries I have known her sir, I have known her. This again shows how Proctors energy and strength can be used negatively. However, he also illustrates deep shame and regret for his unfaithfulness but lets all of the honor be known even if it does mean that he will be charged and the once totally respected member of the community will have a dint in his reputation. He lets all the truth be known as he knows that many innocent people are dying for stupid reasons, this expresses how Proctor supports the theme of truth and justice.It also conveys how Proctor will not lie to defend himself, therefore picture the idea that he will not later admit to witchcraft to save his own life, therefore expressing how his death may be inevitable. This look is very ironic as to prove that he is innocent and to show that he is now faithful to his wife, Proctor has to openly tell everyone in the court about his affair. To save Elizabeth and to stop himself from being accused of witchcraft, he has to blacken his name.Even with this sin, Proctor is still shown as a martyr, as he sacrifices his good reputation in Salem, where public reputation is very important, in order to save his wife and others who have been accused of witchcraft even though they are inn ocent. His great belief in justice helps the audience to believe that his death will be unavoidable as it expresses how he will not carry on the accusations, which will undoubtedly cause many more unjustified deaths, and therefore his life will be lost to save other people.